黔中石炭系九架炉组含铝岩系中锂分布规律<sup>&#x0002A;</sup>

doi:10.7605/gdlxb.2025.051

古地理学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (2): 383-394. doi: 10.7605/gdlxb.2025.051

黔中石炭系九架炉组含铝岩系中锂分布规律^*

蔡路¹^,²(), 陈华², 杨瑞东¹(), 董艳杰², 梁鹏², 周东东², 高爽², 杨明坤²

1 贵州大学资源与环境工程学院,贵州贵阳 550025
2 贵州省地质矿产勘查开发局一一五地质大队,贵州贵阳 551400

收稿日期:2024-08-12 修回日期:2024-12-17 出版日期:2025-04-01 发布日期:2025-04-01
作者简介:
蔡路,男,1989年生,博士研究生,高级工程师,主要从事固体矿产勘查及相关科研工作。E-mail: cailu2020@163.com。
基金资助:
*贵州省找矿突破战略行动重大协同创新项目(黔科合战略找矿[2022]ZD002、[2022]ZD003)、贵州省战略性关键金属超常富集成矿动力学重大研究计划(地勘2024-2)和国家自然科学基金(编号: U23A2027)联合资助

Distribution pattern of lithium in aluminum-bearing rock series of the Carboniferous Jiujialu Formation in central Guizhou Province, China

CAI Lu¹^,²(), CHEN Hua², YANG Ruidong¹(), DONG Yanjie², LIANG Peng², ZHOU Dongdong², GAO Shuang², YANG Mingkun²

1 College of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China
2 115th Geological Brigade,Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development,Guizhou Province Guiyang 551400,China

Received:2024-08-12 Revised:2024-12-17 Online:2025-04-01 Published:2025-04-01
About author:
CAI Lu,born in 1989,is a Ph.D. candidate and senior engineer. He is mainly engaged in solid mineral exploration and related scientific research work. E-mail: cailu2020@163.com.
Supported by:
Co-funded by the Major Collaborative Innovation Projects of Guizhou Province's Breakthrough Strategy for Mineral Exploration(Qiankehe Strategic Mineral Exploration[2022]ZD002,[2022]ZD003),the Guizhou Province Strategic Key Metal Ultra rich Integrated Mineral Dynamics Major Research Plan(Geological Exploration 2024-2)and National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. U23A2027)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

黔中清镇—修文地区铝土矿资源丰富,累计查明铝土矿资源量4.28×10⁸t,初步估算石炭系九架炉组(C₁jj)含矿岩系中Li₂O的远景资源量16.84×10⁴t,具有潜在综合利用前景。利用黔中地区130条含铝岩系岩石地球化学剖面数据,研究九架炉组中锂的分布规律。结果显示,随着九架炉组寒武系基底地层由老变新,Li₂O含量逐渐增大,基底为高台—石冷水组时,九架炉组中Li₂O含量相对较高,且分布连续稳定。Li₂O含量按岩性: 铝质黏土岩>铝土岩>黏土岩>铝土矿>铁质黏土岩、赤铁矿,按矿石自然类型: 致密状铝土矿>碎屑状铝土矿≫土状—半土状铝土矿。在铝土矿顶底处,由致密状铝土矿向铝质黏土岩、铝土岩转变的岩性过渡带中,Li₂O易富集(≥2000μg/g),形成“Li₂O异常富集层(铝质黏土岩、铝土岩)—铝土矿—Li₂O异常富集层(铝质黏土岩、铝土岩)—铝土矿”的垂向分布特征。九架炉组中Li₂O含量受基底地层Li₂O背景值、母岩的风化程度、岩性和矿石类型等因素控制。基底Li₂O背景值越高,含铝岩系中Li₂O的含量相对越高。随着母岩风化程度的加深,Li₂O经历先增加后减少的过程,在30%≤Al₂O₃≤55%、25%≤SiO₂≤45%、0.75≤Al/Si≤2.2的区间,Li₂O值明显富集。同时,优选出长冲河矿区、坛罐窑矿区2个矿区,Li₂O含量较高(≥2000μg/g),且横向分布相对连续稳定,有较好的综合利用前景。

关键词: 黔中, 寒武系, 九架炉组, 含铝岩系, 锂, 地球化学, 分布规律

Abstract:

The Qingzhen-Xiuwen area in central Guizhou Province is rich in bauxite resources,with a total identified bauxite resource of 4.28×10⁸ t. The preliminary estimate is that the prospective resource of Li₂O in the ore-bearing rock series of the Carboniferous Jiujialu Formation(C₁jj)is 16.84×10⁴t,which has potential for comprehensive utilization. This study utilized geochemical profile data from 130 aluminum-bearing rock formations in the Guiyang area to investigate the distribution pattern of lithium in the Jiujialu Formation. The results showed that as the Cambrian basement strata of the Jiujialu Formation changed from old to new,the Li₂O content gradually increased. When the basement was the Gaotai Shilengshui Formation,the Li₂O value in the Jiujialu Formation was relatively high and the distribution was continuous and stable. Li₂O content is determined by lithology: aluminum clay rock>bauxite rock>clay rock>bauxite>iron clay rock,hematite. According to the natural type of ore: dense bauxite>detrital bauxite>>soil semi soil bauxite. At the top and bottom of bauxite,in the lithological transition zone from dense bauxite to aluminum clay rock and bauxite rock,Li₂O is easily enriched(≥2000μg/g),forming a vertical distribution characteristic of “Li₂O abnormal enrichment layer(aluminum clay rock,bauxite rock)-bauxite-Li₂O abnormal enrichment layer(aluminum clay rock,bauxite rock)-bauxite”. The Li₂O content in the Jiujialu Formation is controlled by factors such as the Li₂O background value of the basement strata,the degree of weathering of the parent rock,lithology,and ore type. The higher the background value of Li₂O in the base,the relatively higher the content of Li₂O in the bauxite series. As the weathering degree of the parent rock deepens,Li₂O undergoes a process of first increasing and then decreasing. In the range of 30%≤Al₂O₃≤55%,25%≤SiO₂≤45%,and 0.75≤Al/Si≤2.2,Li₂O values are significantly enriched. At the same time,two mining areas,Changchonghe Mining Area and Tanganyao Mining Area,were selected with high Li₂O content(≥2000μg/g)and relatively continuous and stable horizontal distribution,indicating good prospects for comprehensive utilization.

Key words: central Guizhou Province, Cambrian, Jiujialu Formation, aluminum-bearing rock series, lithium, geochemistry, distribution pattern

蔡路, 陈华, 杨瑞东, 董艳杰, 梁鹏, 周东东, 高爽, 杨明坤. 黔中石炭系九架炉组含铝岩系中锂分布规律^*[J]. 古地理学报, 2025, 27(2): 383-394.

CAI Lu, CHEN Hua, YANG Ruidong, DONG Yanjie, LIANG Peng, ZHOU Dongdong, GAO Shuang, YANG Mingkun. Distribution pattern of lithium in aluminum-bearing rock series of the Carboniferous Jiujialu Formation in central Guizhou Province, China[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography（Chinese Edition）, 2025, 27(2): 383-394.

http://www.gdlxb.cn/CN/Y2025/V27/I2/383

图/表 10

图1 黔中地区构造位置及含铝岩系基底地层平面分布
A—贵州省大地构造位置; B—黔中地区含铝岩系基底地层平面分布

Fig.1 Planar distribution map of tectonic location and basal strata of aluminum-bearing rock series in central Guizhou Province

图2 黔中地区地球化学剖面采样点分布

Fig.2 Sampling distribution map of geochemical profiles in central Guizhou Province

图3 黔中地区燕垅矿区李家冲矿段PM96剖面样品采集及铝土矿系结构
A—现场采样图片; B—铝土矿系结构分布

Fig.3 Sample collection of profile PM96 and the structure of the bauxite series in Lijiachong ore section of Yanlong mining area in central Guizhou Province

图4 黔中地区燕垅矿区李家冲矿段PM96剖面地层综合柱状图

Fig.4 Comprehensive stratigraphic columnar section of profile PM96 in Lijiachong ore section of Yanlong mining area in central Guizhou Province

图5 黔中地区燕垅矿床李家冲矿段PM96剖面中Li₂O与Al₂O₃、SiO₂、Al/Si相关性关系变化示意图
A—Li₂O与Al₂O₃的相关性; B—Li₂O与SiO₂的相关性; C—Li₂O与Al/Si的相关性

Fig.5 Schematic diagram of the correlation changes between Li₂O and Al₂O₃,SiO₂,and aluminum-silicon ratio in profile PM96 of Lijiachong ore section of Yanlong deposit,in central Guizhou Province

图6 黔中地区石炭系九架炉组样品中Li₂O与Al₂O₃相关性变化

Fig.6 Changes in the correlation between Li₂O and Al₂O₃ of the Carboniferous Jiujialu Formation in central Guizhou Province

图7 黔中地区石炭系九架炉组样品中Li₂O与SiO₂相关性

Fig.7 Changes in the correlation between Li₂O and SiO₂ of the Carboniferous Jiujialu Formation in central Guizhou Province

图8 黔中地区石炭系九架炉组样品中Li₂O与Al/Si相关性

Fig.8 Correlation between Li₂O and Al/Si of the Carboniferous Jiujialu Formation in central Guizhou Province

图9 黔中地区石炭系九架炉组含矿岩性柱状对比图

Fig.9 Column comparison of ore bearing lithology of the Carboniferous Jiujialu Formation in central Guizhou Province

图10 黔中地区石炭系九架炉组Li₂O平面分布等值线图

Fig.10 Contour map of Li₂O planar distribution of the Carboniferous Jiujialu Formation in central Guizhou Province

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[31]	Turekian K K,Wedepohl K H,1961. Distribution of the element in some major units of the Earth's crust. Geol Soc America Bull,72(2): 175-192.
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[33]	Yu W C,Algeo T J,Yan J X,Yang J H,Du Y S,Huang X,Weng S F. 2019. Climatic and hydrologic controls on Upper Paleozoic bauxite deposits in south China. Earth-Science Reviews,189: 159-176.

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黔中石炭系九架炉组含铝岩系中锂分布规律^*

Distribution pattern of lithium in aluminum-bearing rock series of the Carboniferous Jiujialu Formation in central Guizhou Province, China

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黔中石炭系九架炉组含铝岩系中锂分布规律*

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黔中石炭系九架炉组含铝岩系中锂分布规律^*