古地理学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (5): 673-686. doi: 10.7605/gdlxb.2014.05.54

• 古地理学及矿产资源 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国南沙海域大中型盆地沉积特征与油气分布

吴 冬1,2, 朱筱敏1,2, 张厚和3, 朱 茂1,2,4,   赵东娜1,2,5, 耿名扬1,2, 李 维1,2, 廖宗宝3   

  1. 1 中国石油大学(北京)油气资源与探测国家重点实验室,北京 102249
    2 中国石油大学(北京)地球科学学院,北京 102249
    3 中海油研究总院,北京 100027
    4 中国石油杭州地质研究院,浙江杭州 3100235 壳牌中国勘探与生产有限公司,北京 100004
  • 收稿日期:2014-05-29 修回日期:2014-11-20 出版日期:2014-10-01 发布日期:2014-10-01
  • 通讯作者: 朱筱敏,1960年生,博士,教授,中国石油大学(北京)博士生导师,主要从事沉积学和层序地层学研究。E-mail:xmzhu@cup.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:吴冬,1987年生,男,江苏扬州人,中国石油大学(北京)在读博士研究生,主要从事沉积学和层序地层学研究。E-mail:lisandpw@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技重大专项“海洋深水区油气勘探关键技术”(编号:2011ZX05025-005-02)资助

Deposition characteristics and hydrocarbon distribution in medium and large basins of Nansha,South China Sea

Wu Dong1,2, Zhu Xiaomin1,2, Zhang Houhe3, Zhu Mao1,2,4,   Zhao Dongna1,2,5, Geng Mingyang1,2, Li Wei1,2, Liao Zongbao3   

  1. 1 State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting,China University of Petroleum(Beijing), Beijing.102249
    2 College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing.102249
    3 CNOOC Research Center,Beijing.100027
    4 PetroChina Hangzhou Research Institute of Geology,Hangzhou.310023,Zhejiang
    5 Shell China Exploration and Production Co.Ltd,Beijing.100004
  • Received:2014-05-29 Revised:2014-11-20 Online:2014-10-01 Published:2014-10-01
  • Contact: Zhu Xiaomin,born in 1960,is a professor and doctoral tutor in China University of Petroleum(Beijing). Now he is mainly engaged in sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy. E-mail: xmzhu@cup.edu.cn.
  • About author:Wu Dong,born in 1987,is a Ph.D. candidate of geology. He is mainly engaged in sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy. E-mail: lisandpw@163.com.

摘要: 中国南沙海域大中型盆地蕴含着丰富的油气资源,这些盆地大多形成于新生代,自下而上沉积陆相—海陆过渡相—海相地层。不同的盆地沉积分布主控因素不同。碎屑岩沉积受控于3大古水系:即华南古陆南缘造山带古水系控制南薇西盆地和北康盆地扇三角洲,巽他陆架古水系控制湄公盆地和万安盆地三角洲,婆罗洲古水系控制曾母盆地和文莱—沙巴盆地扇三角洲与三角洲。碳酸盐沉积受控于水体和构造条件,温暖、干净、适度动荡的浅水环境有利于碳酸盐岩台地和生物礁形成与生长。多种沉积相类型构成多种油气储集体,中新统砂岩和碳酸盐岩储集层最为重要,烃源岩分布具规律性。研究认为块体漂移控制了南沙大中型盆地油气分布,形成3套生储盖组合,发育3类岩性地层圈闭。

关键词: 沙海域, 沉积, 油气分布, 主控因素, 勘探目标

Abstract: Nansha area is rich in oil and gas resources. Major medium and large basins were formed in the Cenozoic and deposited continental-transitional-marine facies from the bottom to the top. Different factors controlled the distribution of sedimentary facies in these basins. Clastic deposition was controlled by three palaeo-river systems. One from the orogen in the southern margin of South China Continent controlled fan deltas in Nanweixi Basin and Beikang Basin. Another one on Sunda Shelf controlled deltas in Mekong Basin and Wan′an Basin. The last one from Borneo Block controlled fan deltas and deltas in Zengmu Basin and Wenlai-Shaba Basin. And carbonate deposition is controlled by water and structural conditions. Warm,clean,moderately shallow turbulent environment is conducive to formation and growth of carbonate platform and reef. Various sedimentary facies formed different types of oil and gas reservoirs. Miocene sandstone and carbonate reservoirs are the most important reservoirs and source rocks are distributed with regularity. Drifting blocks controlled hydrocarbon distribution in these basins in Nansha area,forming three sets of source-reservoir-caprock assemblages and three kinds of stratigraphic traps.

Key words: Nansha area, deposition, hydrocarbon distribution, controlling factors, exploration targets

中图分类号: