中国第四纪古植物地理格局演化<sup>*</sup>

doi:10.7605/gdlxb.2025.092

古地理学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (6): 1552-1563. doi: 10.7605/gdlxb.2025.092

• 生物古地理学及古生态 • 上一篇下一篇

中国第四纪古植物地理格局演化^*

杨振京¹^,²(), 东王刚¹^,²^,³, 宁凯¹^,², 顾芳⁴^,⁵^,⁶

1 中国地质调查局第四纪年代学与水文环境演变重点实验室, 河北正定 050803
2 中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所, 河北石家庄 050061
3 西北大学地质学系, 陕西西安 710069
4 中国地质大学(北京)极地地质与海洋矿产教育部重点实验室, 北京 100083
5 中国地质大学(北京)海南研究院, 海南三亚 572000
6 德国哥廷根大学, 哥廷根 37073

收稿日期:2024-09-19 修回日期:2025-09-18 出版日期:2025-12-01 发布日期:2025-11-25
作者简介:
杨振京,男,1966年生,研究员,主要从事第四纪地质学与孢粉学研究。 E-mail: yangzhenjing1966@163.com。
基金资助:
*河北省自然科学基金项目(D2021504016); 中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20221773); 青海省盐湖地质与环境重点实验室开放课题项目(KFKT-07); 中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质所基本科研业务费项目(SK202012); 国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(42302026); 国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(GU2249/2-1); 德国DFG(507061174); 中央高校基本业务(2-9-2022-019)

Evolution of the Quaternary phytogeographic patterns in China

YANG Zhenjing¹^,²(), DONG Wanggang¹^,²^,³, NING Kai¹^,², GU Fang⁴^,⁵^,⁶

1 Key Laboratory of Quaternary Chronology and Hydrological Environment Evolution, China Geological Survey, Hebei Zhengding 050803, China
2 Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
3 Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
4 Key Laboratory of Polar Geology and Marine Mineral Resources (Ministry of Education), China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
5 Hainan Institute of China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Hainan Sanya 572000, China
6 University of G?ttingen, G?ttingen 37073, Germany

Received:2024-09-19 Revised:2025-09-18 Online:2025-12-01 Published:2025-11-25
About author:
YANG Zhenjing,born in 1966,researcher,is engaged in researches on Quaternary geology and palynology. E-mail: yangzhenjing1966@163.com.
Supported by:
Co-funded by Hebei Natural Science Foundation(D2021504016); Geological Survey Project of the China Geological Survey(DD20221773); Open Project of Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Salt Lake Geology and Environment(KFKT-07); Basic Research Fund Project of Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences(SK202012); National Natural Science Foundation of China(Youth Fund)(42302026); National Natural Science Foundation of China(Youth Fund)(GU2249/2-1); Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG(507061174); Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2-9-2022-019)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

第四纪的冰期与间冰期周期性变化极大地影响了中国的植物分布,形成了多样的植物群落和生态系统。以孢粉化石作为古植物研究载体,结合现代植物区系,基于植被—气候—环境相互作用,探讨了中国第四纪植物的时空分布和演化特征。分析表明,中国第四纪时期古植物类型繁杂丰富,呈现纬向分区、东西分异、垂向分带的分布特征,其演化与气候变化关系密切且受构造活动、地形等环境因素制约,表现为时间上的周期性波动和空间内的同步迁移; 受中国第四纪气候波动影响,形成植物避难所及潜在避难所,这为评估植物多样性及生态环境保护具有参考。研究第四纪的古植物地理,对评估植物的长时间尺度演化及预测其未来发展趋势具重要意义,但需注意的是未来需要开展多指标跨学科综合研究。

关键词: 古地理, 植物演化, 孢粉, 植物避难所, 第四

Abstract:

The Quaternary glacial and interglacial cycles have significantly influenced vegetation distribution,biodiversity,and ecosystems in China. Based on pollen analysis as the main palaeobotanical research proxy,and integrated with modern floristic distribution patterns,this study examines the spatiotemporal distribution and evolutionary characteristics of Quaternary vegetation in China within the framework of vegetation-climate-environment interactions. During the Quaternary,paleo-vegetation in China exhibited significant variation in species richness,characterized by distinct zonal differentiation across latitudinal gradients,differences between eastern and western regions,and variations along altitudinal gradients. The findings indicate that vegetation evolution was closely linked to past climate changes and was influenced by environmental factors such as tectonic activity and topography,leading to cyclical temporal fluctuations and spatially synchronous migrations. Furthermore,this study briefly explores the formation of historical plant refugia and identifies potential refugia under Quaternary climate oscillations in China,thereby providing a scientific basis for assessing plant diversity and guiding ecological conservation. This comprehensive synthesis of Quaternary phytogeography in China holds great significance for understanding long-term vegetation evolution and improving future ecological projections. Future investigations should adopt interdisciplinary approaches and utilize multiple proxies to enhance the robustness of reconstructions.

Key words: palaeogeography, plant evolution, pollen and spore, plant refuges, Quaternary

中图分类号:

Q914.6

杨振京, 东王刚, 宁凯, 顾芳. 中国第四纪古植物地理格局演化^*[J]. 古地理学报, 2025, 27(6): 1552-1563.

YANG Zhenjing, DONG Wanggang, NING Kai, GU Fang. Evolution of the Quaternary phytogeographic patterns in China[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography（Chinese Edition）, 2025, 27(6): 1552-1563.

http://www.gdlxb.cn/CN/Y2025/V27/I6/1552

图/表 1

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中国第四纪古植物地理格局演化*

Evolution of the Quaternary phytogeographic patterns in China

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中国第四纪古植物地理格局演化^*