古地理学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (4): 926-940. doi: 10.7605/gdlxb.2024.03.052

• 岩相古地理学及沉积学 • 上一篇    下一篇

早始新世温室气候与海侵作用对库车坳陷库姆格列木群含盐层系沉积的协同控制作用*

张锡婷1,2, 范坤宇3, 郭佩1,2, 李鹏真3, 苗如霖2,4, 邓宾2,4   

  1. 1 自然资源部深时地理环境重建与应用重点实验室,成都理工大学沉积地质研究院,四川成都 610059;
    2 油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室,成都理工大学,四川成都 610059;
    3 中国石油塔里木油田公司勘探开发研究院,新疆库尔勒 652801;
    4 成都理工大学能源学院,四川成都 610059
  • 收稿日期:2023-05-04 修回日期:2023-10-25 出版日期:2024-08-01 发布日期:2024-07-29
  • 通讯作者: 郭佩,女,1990年生,博士,副教授,主要从事咸化湖盆沉积与油气地质研究。E-mail: guopei18@cdut.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:张锡婷,女,1999年生,硕士研究生,地质学专业。E-mail: 1348167494@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    *国家自然科学基金项目(编号: 42272117,42002116)资助

Collaborative controls of the Early-Eocene greenhouse climates and transgression on deposition of salt-bearing sequence of Kumugeliemu Group in Kuqa Depression

ZHANG Xiting1,2, FAN Kunyu3, GUO Pei1,2, LI Pengzhen3, MIAO Rulin2,4, DENG Bin2,4   

  1. 1 Key Laboratory of Deep-time Geography and Environment Reconstruction and Applications of Ministry of Natural Resources,Institute of Sedimentary Geology,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China;
    2 State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China;
    3 Research Institute of Exploration & Development PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company,Xinjiang Korla 652801,China;
    4 School of Energy,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China
  • Received:2023-05-04 Revised:2023-10-25 Online:2024-08-01 Published:2024-07-29
  • Contact: GUO Pei,born in 1990,Ph.D.,is an associate professor. She is engaged in sedimentology and petroleum geology of saline lake basins. E-mail: guopei18@cdut.edu.cn.
  • About author:ZHANG Xiting, born in 1999, major in geology. E-mail: 1348167494@qq.com.
  • Supported by:
    Financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos. 42272117,42002116)

摘要: 塔里木盆地北部库车坳陷库姆格列木群(54-46 Ma)厚层含盐层系为油气成藏的优质区域盖层,但该套含盐层系的原始时空展布、古地理环境和沉积控制因素尚不明确,给盐下油气藏钻井施工造成了较大困难。通过盆缘野外露头剖面实测与盆内录井元素分析相结合,开展盐湖中心与边缘沉积旋回对比研究,探讨库姆格列木群含盐层系发育的主控因素。库姆格列木群发育3级旋回:第1级旋回1以盆缘砂砾岩—泥岩—石膏岩组合、湖盆中心泥岩—石膏岩—盐岩—碳酸盐岩组合为特征,指示陆内盆地向陆缘盆地的古地理环境转变。第2级旋回2以盆缘砂砾岩—泥岩—石膏岩组合、湖盆中心厚层盐岩加泥岩组合为特征,为陆缘盆地盐湖沉积模式。第3级旋回3盆缘—盆内沉积具有相似的膏质泥岩和泥岩组合特征,为陆内干盐湖沉积模式。结合早始新世全球气候和海平面升降变化历史,认为1旋回(约54-51 Ma)由陆内向陆缘环境的转变及厚层石膏岩的沉积受早始新世气候适宜期(53-51 Ma)和全球海平面升高的影响,2旋回(约51-48 Ma)厚层盐岩的沉积受全球持续干旱气候和海平面再次升高的影响,而3旋回(约48-46 Ma)厚层含盐层系沉积的缺失与全球气候持续干旱和海平面下降有关。

关键词: 含盐层系, 物质来源, 陆缘盆地, 沉积旋回, 库姆格列木群, 库车坳陷, 塔里木盆地

Abstract: The thick salt-bearing sequence in Paleogene Kumugeliemu Group(54-46 Ma)of the Kuqa Depression acts as the high-quality regional caps for oil and gas accumulation. However,the original temporal-spatial distribution,palaeogeographic environment,and sedimentary controlling factors of the salt-bearing sequence remain unclear,which causes great difficulties for the drilling of the subsalt hydrocarbon reservoirs. Through the outcrop measurement at the basin margin and the logging element analysis within the basin,the correlation of sedimentary cycles between the lake-basin center and the margin was carried out to explore the main controlling factors of the salt-bearing sequence deposition of Kumugeliemu Group. The Kumugeliemu Group consists of three third-order cycles. The first third-order cycle Ⅰ1 is characterized by the lithofacies assemblage of conglomerates,sandstones,mudstones and gypsums at basin margins,and of mudstones,gypsums,halites,carbonates at basin center,indicating an palaeogeographic-environment transformation from a terrigenous basin to a continental-margin basin. The second third-order cycle Ⅰ2 is characterized by the lithofacies assemblage of conglomerates,sandstones,mudstones,and gypsums at basin margins and the assemblage of thick halites and minor mudstones at basin center,corresponding to a depositional model of a terrigenous epeiric basin. The third third-order cycle Ⅰ3 has similar lithofacies assemblage at the lake-basin margin and center,characterized by thin layer gypseous mudstones and mudstones,typical depositional model of terrigenous playa lakes. Combined with the Early-Eocene global climates and sea-level changes,it is believed that the deposition of thick gypsum rocks of Ⅰ1(ca. 54-51 Ma)were related to the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum(53-51 Ma)and global sea-level rise. The deposition of thick halite rocks in Ⅰ2(ca. 51-48 Ma)was controlled by the global dry climate and sea-level rise. The absence of thick salt-bearing sequence deposits in Ⅰ3(ca. 48-46 Ma)is related to the global dry climate and sea-level drops.

Key words: salt-bearing sequence, salt sources, epeiric basin, sedimentary cycle, Kumugeliemu Group, Kuqa Depression, Tarim basin

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