重庆东部地区寒武系龙王庙组碳、氧同位素特征及其意义

doi:10.7605/gdlxb.2017.05.067

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在野外露头和镜下薄片观察分析的基础上,对重庆东部地区下寒武统龙王庙组83个碳酸盐岩样品的碳、氧同位素进行测试,并分析了其所保留的海水原始信息的有效性。结果表明,扣除无效数据后,重庆地区龙王庙组δ¹³C值分布在-4.300‰~2.694‰之间,平均值为-0.031‰;δ¹⁸O值分布在-9.880‰~-0.100‰之间,平均值为-7.396‰;纵向上,碳同位素值整体呈现先降低后升高的趋势,底部、中上部及顶部为正值且变化幅度小;中下部整体为负值且波动幅度大,正、负漂移事件频发。古环境恢复结果显示,龙王庙期重庆东部地区整体处于海相沉积环境,海水盐度在龙王庙组早期较低,晚期较高;海水温度主要介于20~30,℃之间,属温暖或炎热的亚热带气候;龙王庙期共经历3期海退—海侵作用,海平面上升、海洋生产力增加、有机碳快速埋藏使得海洋中¹³C含量升高,反之则使其降低。龙王庙组沉积中期与末期,δ¹³C值负偏,水体较浅,盐度较高,是白云岩发育的最有利阶段。

关键词: 碳、氧同位素, 古海水温度和盐度, 地质意义, 龙王庙组, 重庆东部地区

Abstract: To eveluate the paleoceanographic information recorded in the stratigraphic record, carbon and oxygen isotope analyses were conducted for 83 carbonate rock samples from the Longwangmiao Formation of the Lower Cambrian along with outcrop study and thin section analysis. The results (excluding invalid samples)show that the δ¹³C values of carbonate rocks in Longwangmiao Formation vary from -4.300‰ to 2.694‰ with the mean value of -0.031‰ and the δ¹⁸O values vary between -9.880‰ and -0.100‰ with the average of -7.396‰. The vertical variation of δ¹³C shows a decrease trend followed by an increase trend from bottom to top of the studied interval. The carbon isotopic composition is characterized by negative values with frequent occurrences of positive or negative excursions at the lower to middle part of the formation and positive values with small fluctuation at the other parts. The reconstruction of palaeo-ocean environments shows that marine environment was developed around the eastern Chongqing area during the Lower Cambrian Longwangmiao stage. The salinity of seawater was low during the Early Longwangmiao stage and high during the later stage. Sea water temperature mainly ranged between 20,℃ and 30,℃,suggesting a warm to hot subtropical climate. Three stages of regression-transgression cycles through Longwangmiao stage were identified. When sea level rises,increased marine productivity and fast burial of organic carbon result in an increase of δ¹³C value. In the case of dropping sea level, the δ¹³C value decreases. During the middle to late Longwangmiao stage,the negative shift of δ¹³C value,low seawater level and the high salinity provide favorable conditions for the development of dolomites.

Key words: carbon and oxygen isotopes, temperature and salinity of palaeoseawater, geological significance, Longwangmiao Formation, eastern Chongqing

中图分类号:

P597

杨雪琪, 钟大康, 任影, 谢瑞, 姜杨锦丰, 蒲强, 钟泞聪, 唐自成. 重庆东部地区寒武系龙王庙组碳、氧同位素特征及其意义[J]. 古地理学报, 2017, 19(5): 865-878.

Yang Xueqi, Zhong Dakang, Ren Ying, Xie Rui, Jiang Yangjinfeng, Pu Qiang, Zhong Ningcong, Tang Zicheng. Characteristics and significance of carbon and oxygen isotopes of the Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation, eastern Chongqing[J]. JOPC, 2017, 19(5): 865-878.

http://www.gdlxb.cn/CN/Y2017/V19/I5/865

参考文献

[1] 陈锦石,闻传芬,钟华,刘培伦. 1995. 古生代海洋碳同位素演化. 地质科学,30(4): 338-347.
[Chen J S,Wen C F,Zhong H,Liu P L. 1995. Carbon isotope variation of Paleozoic marine carbonate sequences. Science Geologica Sinica,30(4): 338-347]
[2] 陈强,张慧元,李文厚,郝松立,刘卓. 2012. 鄂尔多斯奥陶系碳酸盐岩碳氧同位素特征及其意义. 古地理学报,14(1): 117-124.
[Chen Q,Zhang H Y,Li W H,Hao S L,Liu Z. 2012. Characteristics of carbon and oxygen isotopes of the Ordovician carbonate rocks in Ordos and their implication. Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese Edition),14(1): 117-124]
[3] 高志前,樊太亮,李岩,刘武宏,陈玉林. 2006. 塔里木盆地寒武—奥陶纪海平面升降变化规律研究吉林大学学报: 地球科学版,36(4): 549-557.
[Gao Z Q. Fan T L. Li Y,Liu H W,Chen Y L. 2006. Study on eustatic sea level change rule in Cambrian-Ordovician in Tarim Basin. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),36(4): 549-557]
[4] 郭福生,彭花明,潘家永,杜杨松,刘林清,罗能辉,饶明辉,王正其. 2003. 浙江江山寒武纪碳酸盐岩碳氧同位素特征及其古环境意义探讨. 地层学杂志,27(4): 289-297.
[Guo F S,Peng H M,Pan J Y,Du Y S,Liu L Q,Luo N H,Rao M H,Wang Z Q. 2003. A probe into the carbon and oxygen isotopic characteristics of the Cambrian carbonate rocks in Jiangshan,Zhejiang and its paleo-environment significance. Journal of Stratigraphy,27(4): 289-297]
[5] 胡光灿,谢姚祥. 1997. 中国四川东部高陡构造石炭系气田. 北京: 石油工业出版社.
[Hu G C,Xie Y X. 1997. The Carboniferous Gas Field of High and Steep Structures in Eastern Sichuan,China. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press]
[6] 黄福喜,陈洪德,侯明才,钟怡江,李洁. 2011. 中上扬子克拉通加里东期(寒武—志留纪)沉积层序充填过程与演化模式. 岩石学报,27(8): 2299-2317.
[Huang F X,Chen H D,Hou M C,Zhong Y J,Li J. 2011. Filling process and evolutionary model of sedimentary sequence of Middle Upper Yangtze craton in Caledonian(Cambrian-Silurian). Acta Petrologica Sinica,27(8): 2299-2317]
[7] 黄思静. 1997. 上扬子地台区晚古生代海相碳酸盐岩的碳、锶同位素研究. 地质学报,71(1): 45-53.
[Huang S J. 1997. A study on carbon and strontium isotopes of late Paleozoic carbonate rocks in the upper Yangtze platform. Acta Geologica Sinica,71(1): 45-53]
[8] 黄思静,李小宁,胡作维,刘四兵,黄可可,钟怡江. 2016. 四川盆地东部开江—梁平海槽东西两侧三叠系飞仙关组碳酸盐岩碳氧同位素组成对比及古海洋学意义. 地球化学,45(1): 24-40.
[Huang S J,Li X L,Hu Z W,Liu S B,Huang K K,Zhong Y J. 2016. Comparison of carbon and oxygen isotopic composition of Feixianguan carbonates,Early Triassic,between east and west sides of Kaijiang-Liangping trough,Sichuan Basin,and the significance for paleoceanography. Geochimica,45(1): 24-40]
[9] 黄思静,石和,毛晓冬,张萌,沈立成,武文慧. 2003. 早古生代海相碳酸盐的成岩蚀变性及其对海水信息的保存性. 成都理工大学学报: 自然科学版,30(1): 9-18.
[Huang S J,Shi H,Mao X D,Zhang M,Shen L C,Wu W H. 2003. Diagenetic alteration of earlier Paleozoic marine carbonate and preservation for the information of sea water. Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science & Technology Edition),30(1): 9-18]
[10] 黄文明,刘树根,张长俊,王国芝,徐国盛,雍自权,马文辛. 2009. 四川盆地寒武系储集层特征及优质储集层形成机理. 石油与天然气地质,30(5): 566-575.
[Huang W M,Liu S G,Zhang C J,Wang G Z,Xu G S,Yong Z Q,Ma W X. 2009. Reservoir characteristics and formation mechanism of the high quality Cambrian reservoirs in Sichuan Basin. Oil & Gas Geology,30(5): 566-575]
[11] 姬国锋,范鸿,时志强,杜怡星. 2016. 川西北汉旺地区卡尼期鲕粒灰岩特征及地质意义. 成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),43(1): 68-76.
[Ji G F,Fan H,Shi Z Q,Du Y X. 2016. Characteristics and geological significance of the late Triassic Carnian oolitic limestone in Hanwang area,northwest Sichuan Basin,China. Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science & Technology Edition),43(1): 68-76]
[12] 金民东,曾伟,谭秀成,李凌,李宗银. 2014. 四川磨溪—高石梯地区龙王庙组滩控岩溶型储集层特征及控制因素. 石油勘探与开发,41(6): 650-660.
[Jin M D,Zeng W,Tan X C,Li L,Li Z Y. 2014. Characteristics and controlling factors of beach-controlled karst reservoirs in Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation,Moxi-Gaoshiti area,Sichuan Basin,NW in China. Petroleum Exploration and Development,41(6): 650-660]
[13] 孔为伦,李双应,万秋,杜叶龙,王松. 2011. 镇安西口地区二叠纪碳氧同位素特征及意义. 合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版),34(7): 1058-1065.
[Kong W L,Li S Y,Wan Q,Du Y L,Wang S. 2011. C,O isotope composition from Permian in Xikou region,Zhen’an County and its implications. Journal of Hefei University of Technology,34(7): 1058-1065]
[14] 李江海,韩喜球,毛翔. 2014. 全球构造图集. 北京: 地质出版社,38-46.
[Li J H,Han X Q,Mao X. 2014. Global tectonic atlas. Beijing: Geological Publishing House,38-46]
[15] 李皎,何登发. 2014. 四川盆地及邻区寒武纪古地理与构造-沉积环境演化. 古地理学报,16(4): 441-460.
[Li J,He D F. 2014. Paleogeography and tectonic-depositional environment evolution of the Cambrian in Sichuan Basin and adjacent areas. Journal of Paleogeography(Chinese Edition),16(4): 441-460]
[16] 李倩文,金振奎,姜福杰. 2014. 白云岩成因碳氧同位素分析方法初探: 以北京燕山地区元古界白云岩为例. 岩性油气藏,26(4): 117-122.
[Li Q W,Jin Z K,Jiang F J. 2014. Carbon and oxygen isotope analysis method for dolomite formation mechanism: A case study from Proterozoic dolomite in Yanshan area. Lithologic Reservoirs,26(4): 117-122]
[17] 李任伟,陈锦石,张淑坤. 1999. 中元古代雾迷山组碳酸盐岩碳和氧同位素组成及海平面变化. 科学通报,44(16): 1697-1702.
[Li R W,Chen J S,Zhang S K. 1999. Compositions of carbon and oxygen isotopes of the carbonate rocks and the change of sea level in Mesoproterozoic Wumishan Formation. Chinese Science Bulletin,44(16): 1697-1702]
[18] 李儒峰,刘本培. 1996. 碳氧同位素演化与碳酸盐岩层序地层学关系研究: 以黔南马平祖为例. 地球科学: 中国地质大学学报,21(3): 261-266.
[Li R F,Liu B P. 1996. Application of carbon and oxygen isotope to carbonate sequence stratigraphy: Analysis of maping formation,southern Guizhou Province. Earth Science(Journal of China University of Geosciences),21(3): 261-266]
[19] 李忠雄,管士平. 2001. 扬子地台西缘宁蒗泸沽湖地区志留系沉积旋回及锶、碳、氧同位素特征. 古地理学报,3(4): 69-76.
[Li Z X,Guan S P. 2001. Sedimentary cycle and strontium,carbon,oxygen isotopes of the Silurian at Luguhu Region in Ninglang County of western margin of Yangtze platform. Journal of Paleogeography(Chinese Edition),3(4): 69-76]
[20] 刘德良,孙先如,李振生,唐南安,谈迎,刘波. 2006. 鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系白云岩碳氧同位素分析. 石油实验地质,28(2): 155-161.
[Liu D L,Sun X Z,Li Z S,Tang A N,Tan Y,Liu B. 2006. Analysis of carbon and oxygen isotope on the Ordovician dolostones in the Ordos Basin. Petroleum Geology & Experiment,28(2): 155-161]
[21] 刘建清,赵瞻,林家善,冯伟明,黄学平,魏洪刚. 2014. 四川盆地东南缘中上寒武统白云岩地球化学特征及成因机制. 中国地质,41(5): 1682-1692.
[Liu J Q,Zhao Z,Lin J S,Feng W M,Huang X P,Wei H G. 2014. The characteristics and genetic mechanism of middle-upper Cambrian dolomite on the southeast margin of Sichuan Basin. Geology in China,41(5): 1682-1692]
[22] 刘树根,宋金民,赵异华,钟勇,宋林珂,田艳红,梁锋,尹柯惟,李俊良. 2014. 四川盆地龙王庙组优质储集层形成与分布的主控因素. 成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),41(6): 657-670.
[Liu S G,Song J M,Zhao Y H,Zhong Y,Song L K,Tian Y H,Liang F,Yin K W,Li J L. 2014. Controlling factors of formation and distribution of Lower Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation High-quality reservoirs in Sichuan Basin,China. Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science & Technology Edition),41(6): 657-670]
[23] 罗贝维,魏国齐,杨威,董才源. 2013. 四川盆地晚震旦世古海洋环境恢复及地质意义. 中国地质,40(4): 1099-1111.
[Luo B W,Wei G Q,Yang W,Dong C Y. 2013. Reconstruction of the late Sinian paleo-ocean environment in Sichuan Basin and its geological significance. Geology in China,40(4): 1099-1111]
[24] 孟昊,任影,钟大康,高崇龙,高宙,王点,姜杨锦丰,李谨杰. 2016. 四川盆地东部寒武系龙王庙组地球化学特征及其古环境意义. 天然气地球科学,27(7): 1299-1311.
[Meng H,Ren Y,Zhong D K,Gao C L,Gao Z,Wang D,Jiang Y J F,Li J J. 2016. Geochemical characteristics and its paleoenvironmental implication of Cambrain Longwangmiao Formation in eastern Sichuan Basin,China. Natural Gas Geoscience. 27(7): 1299-1311]
[25] 彭苏萍,何宏,邵龙义,时宗波,高云峰. 2002. 塔里木盆地寒武—奥陶系碳酸盐岩碳同位素组成特征. 中国矿业大学学报,31(4): 353-358.
[Peng S P,He H,Shao L Y,Shi Z B,Gao Y F. 2002,Carbon Isotopic Compositions of the Cambrian-Ordovician Carbonates in Tarim Basin. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology. 31(4): 353-358]
[26] 任影,钟大康,高崇龙,孙海涛,孟昊,胡小林,姜振昌,王爱. 2015. 川东及其周缘地区下寒武统龙王庙组储集层特征与控制因素. 古地理学报. 17(6): 813-824.
[Ren Y,Zhong D K,Gao C L,Sun H T,Meng H,Hu X L,Jiang Z C,Wang A. 2015. Characteristics and controlling factors of Lower Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation reservoirs in eastern Sichuan Basin and its adjacent areas. Journal of paleogeography(Chinese Edition),17(6): 813-824]
[27] 任影,钟大康,高崇龙,杨雪琪,谢瑞,李卓沛,邓闵心,周勇成. 2016. 川东寒武系龙王庙组白云岩地球化学特征、成因及油气意义. 石油学报,37(9): 1102-1115.
[Ren Y,Zhong D K,Gao C L,Yang X Q,Xie R,Li Z P,Deng M X,Zhou Y C. 2016. Geochemical characteristics,genesis and hydrocarbon significance of dolomite in the Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation,eastern Sichuan Basin. Acta Petrolei Sinica. 37(9): 1102-1115]
[28] 沈渭洲. 1987. 稳定同位素地质. 北京: 原子能出版社.
[Shen W Z. 1987. Stable Isotope Geology. Beijing: Atomic Energy Press]
[29] 邵龙义,窦建伟,张鹏飞. 1996. 西南地区晚二叠世氧、碳稳定同位素的古地理意义. 地球化学,25(6): 575-581.
[Shao L Y,Dou J W,Zhang P F. 1996. Paleogeographic significances of carbon and oxygen isotopes in late Permian rocks of Southwest China. Geochimica,25(6): 575-581]
[30] 腾格尔,刘文汇,徐永昌,陈践发. 2004. 海相沉积有机质的碳同位素记录及其环境意义: 以鄂尔多斯盆地为例. 石油勘探与开发. 31(5): 11-16.
[Tengger,Liu W H,Xu Y C,Chen J F. 2004. Organic carbon isotope record in marine sediment and its environmental significance: An example from Ordos Basin,NW China. Petroleum Exploration and Development,31(5): 11-16]
[31] 田艳红,刘树根,赵异华,宋金民,宋林珂,孙伟,梁锋,张长俊,李俊良,尹柯惟,王晨霞,吴娟,林彤,白志强,彭翰霖,陈会芝. 2014. 四川盆地中部龙王庙组储集层成岩作用. 成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),41(6): 671-683.
[Tian Y H,Liu S G,Zhao Y H,Song J M,Song L K,Sun W,Liang F,Zhang C J,Li J L,Yin K W,Wang C X,Wu J,Lin T,Bai Z Q,Peng H L,Chen H Z. 2014. Diagenesis of Lower Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation reservoirs in central area of Sichuan Basin,China. Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science & Technology Edition). 41(6): 671-683]
[32] 王鸿祯. 2000.中国层序地层研究. 广东广州: 广东科技出版社.
[Wang H Z,2000. Sequence Stratigraphy Research in China. Guangdong Guangzhou: Guangdong science and technology press]
[33] 王坤,李伟,陆进,张朝军. 2011. 川东地区石炭系碳酸盐岩碳、氧、锶同位素特征及其成因分析. 地球化学,40(4): 351-362.
[Wang K,Li W,Lu J,Zhang C J. 2011. Carbon,oxygen,strontium isotope characteristics and cause analysis of Carboniferous carbonate rocks in the eastern Sichuan Basin. Geochimica,40(4): 351-362]
[34] 严兆彬,郭福生,潘家永,郭国林,张曰静. 2005. 碳酸盐岩C,O,Sr 同位素组成在古气候、古海洋环境研究中的应用,地质找矿论丛,20(1):53-56.
[Yan Z B,Guo F S,Pan J Y,Guo G L,Zhang Y J. 2005. Application of C,O,and Sr isotope composition of carbonates in the research of Paleoclimate and paleooceanic environment. Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research,20(1):53-56]
[35] 张文淮. 1991,同位素地质科学技术的新进展. 地质科技情报,10(2): 67-72.
[Zhang W H. 1991. The latest development in isotopic geosciences. Geological Science and Technology Information,10(2): 67-72]
[36] 张秀莲. 1985. 碳酸盐岩中氧、碳稳定同位素与古盐度、古水温的关系. 沉积学报,3(4): 17-30.
[Zhang X L. 1985. Relationship between carbon and oxygen stable isotope in carbonate rocks and paleosalinity and paleotemperature of seawater. Acta Sedimentological Sinica,3(4): 17-30]
[37] 郑永飞,陈江峰. 2000. 稳定同位素地球化学. 北京: 地质出版社.143-217.
[Zheng Y F,Chen J F,2000. Stable Isotope Geochemistry,Beijing: Geological publishing House.143-217]
[38] 左景勋,彭善池,朱学剑. 2008. 扬子地台寒武系碳酸盐岩的碳同位素组成及地质意义. 地质化学,37(2): 118-128.
[Zuo J X,Peng S C,Zhu X J. 2008. Carbon isotope composition of Cambrian carbonate rocks in Yangtze Platform,South China and its geological implications. Geochimica,37(2): 118-128]
[39] Brasier M D,Corfield R M,Derry L A,Rozanov A Yu,Zhuravlev A Yu. 1994. Multiple δ13C excursions spanning the Cambrian explosion to the Botoman crisis in Siberia. Geology, 22(5):455-458.
[40] Clayton R N,Degens E T. 1959. Use of carbon isotope analyses for differentiating fresh water and marine sediments. AAPG Bulletin,13(4): 890-897.
[41] Epstein S,Buchsbuam R,Lowestam H A,Urey H C. 1953. Revised carbonate water isotopic temperature scale. Geological Society of America Bulletin,64(11): 1315-1326.
[42] Hoffman A,Gruszczynaki M,Malkowski K. 1991. On the interrelationship between temporal trends in δ13C,δ18O,δ34Sr and in the world ocean. Jour. Geology,99(3): 235-270.
[43] Ishikawa T,Ueno Y,Shu D G,Li Y,Jian H,Guo J F,Yoshida N,Maruyama S,Komiya T,2014. The δ13C excursions spanning the Cambrian explosion to the Canglangpuian extinction in the Three Gorges area,South China. Gondwana Research,25(3): 1045-1056.
[44] Kaufman A J,Knoll A H. 1995. Neoproterozoic variations in the C isotopic composition of seawater: Stratigraphic and biogeochemical implications. Precambrian Research,73(1): 27-49.
[45] Keith M L,Weber J N. 1964. Isotopic composition and environmental classification of selected limestone and fossils. Geochim Cosmochim Acta,28: 1786-1816.
[46] Li G,Steiner M,Zhu X,Yang,A,Wang H,Erdtmann B D. 2007. Early Cambrian metazoan fossil record of South China: Generic diversity and radiation patterns. Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology: 254(1-2):229-249.
[47] Mattews R K,Poore R Z. 1980. Tertiary δ18O record and glacier eustatic sea-level fluctuation. Geology,8: 501-504.
[48] Qing H,Veizer J. 1994. Oxygen and carbon isotopic composition of Ordovician brachiopods: Implications for coeval sea water. Geochimaica et Cosmochimica Acta,58(20): 4429-4442.
[49] Wang X F,Erdtmann B D,Chen X H,Mao X D,2008. Integrated sequence-,bio￣and chemo-stratigraphy of the terminal Proterozoic to Lowermost Cambrian“black rock series”from central South China. Episodes 21,178-189.
[50] Williams D F. 1988. Isotope Chronostratigraphy: Theory and Methods. California: Academic Press,39-68.
[51] Zhang X L,Liu W,Zhao Y L. 2008. Cambrian burgess shale-type lagerstatten in South China: Distribution and significance. Gondwana Research,14: 255-262.
[52] Zhang Z F,Zhang Z L,Holmer L E,Li G X,2015. First report of linguloid brachiopods with soft parts from the lower Cambrian(Series 2,Stage 4)of the Three Gorges area,South China. Annales de Paleontologie,101(3): 167-177.

选择文件类型/文献管理软件名称

选择包含的内容