四川盆地南部中二叠统茅口组碳酸盐岩岩溶特征:古大陆环境下层控型早成岩期岩溶实例

doi:10.7605/gdlxb.2015.04.038

古地理学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (4): 457-476. doi: 10.7605/gdlxb.2015.04.038

四川盆地南部中二叠统茅口组碳酸盐岩岩溶特征:古大陆环境下层控型早成岩期岩溶实例

肖笛^{1, 2}, 谭秀成^{1, 3}, 郗爱华², 刘宏^{2, 3}, 山述娇⁴, 夏吉文⁵, 程遥^{1, 2}, 连承波^{1, 2}

1 油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室,西南石油大学,四川成都 610500
2 西南石油大学地球科学与技术学院,四川成都 610500
3 中国石油碳酸盐岩重点实验室沉积-成藏研究室,西南石油大学,四川成都 610500
4 中国石油西南油气田分公司勘探开发研究院,四川成都 610051
5 中国石油西南油气田分公司蜀南气矿,四川泸州 646100

收稿日期:2014-12-20 出版日期:2015-08-01 发布日期:2015-08-01
通讯作者: 谭秀成,男,1970年生,教授、博士生导师,主要从事储层沉积学研究。E-mail: tanxiucheng70@163.com。
作者简介:肖笛,男,1989年生,博士生在读,主要从事储层地质学研究。E-mail: super_xd_mm@126.com。
基金资助:
“十二五”国家科技攻关重大专项(编号:2011ZX05004-005-03)和四川省省属高校“天然气地质”科研创新团队建设计划联合资助

Palaeokarst characteristics of carbonate rocks of the Middle Permian Maokou Formation in southern Sichuan Basin:Example of strata-bound eogenetic karst in palaeo-continental settings

Xiao Di^1,2, Tan Xiucheng^1,3, Xi Aihua², Liu Hong^2,3, Shan Shujiao⁴, >Xia Jiwen⁵, Cheng Yao^1,2, Lian Chengbo^1,2

1 State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,Sichuan
2 Department of Earth Science and Technology,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,Sichuan
3 Branch of Deposition and Accumulation,PetroChina Key Laboratory of Carbonate Reservoir, Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,Sichuan
4 Research Institute of Exploration and Development,PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gas Field Company,Chengdu 610051,Sichuan
5 Branch of Shunan Gas Field,PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gas Field Company,Luzhou 646100,Sichuan

Received:2014-12-20 Online:2015-08-01 Published:2015-08-01
Contact: Tan Xiucheng,born in 1970,is a professor and doctorial tutor of Southwest Petroleum University. He is mainly engaged in reservoir sedimentology. E-mail: tanxiucheng70@163.com.
About author:Xiao Di,born in 1989,is a Ph.D. candidate of Southwest Petroleum University. He is mainly engaged in reservoir geology. E-mail: super_xd_mm@126.com.

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

综合钻井、录井、岩心、薄片等资料,研究四川盆地南部中二叠统茅口组碳酸盐岩的岩溶特征,并分析讨论其机理与模式。茅口组为开阔海台地沉积,以发育高能滩相颗粒灰岩与非滩相低能泥晶灰岩的不等厚互层为特征。岩溶主要发育在茅口组上部,表现为大量溶蚀缝洞发育,且多被离解的碳酸盐岩碎屑、方解石晶粒、碳质泥屑等不同来源的物质混合充填,但缺乏典型的岩溶角砾。茅口组岩溶属于大陆环境下早成岩期岩溶类型,一个显著特征是岩性与岩相对溶蚀-充填作用的控制:非滩相泥晶岩类岩性致密,岩溶欠发育;高能滩相颗粒岩类岩溶发育良好,并可以识别出基岩带、半离解带和混合充填带3种溶蚀-充填带。根据上述特征,认为泥晶灰岩致密层与颗粒灰岩高渗层在纵向上的多旋回叠置,以及先期的孔渗系统和断裂裂缝体系为岩溶水提供输导体系,导致形成了同期多层的颗粒滩相控岩溶系统,并在岩溶台地和斜坡岩溶型储集层皆较发育。该研究成果不仅可为相关研究提供补充与参考,还对研究区茅口组油气勘探具有一定的指导意义。

关键词: 岩溶, 层控型, 颗粒滩相控, 二叠系, 四川盆地

Abstract:

By use of drilling, logging,core,and thin section data,the karst characteristics of carbonate rocks of the Middle Permian Maokou Formation in southern Sichuan Basin are studied. Maokou Formation,a deposition of open-sea platform,is characterized by the interbedding of grainstone of bank facies and micrite limestone of non-bank facies with unequal thickness. The karst is mainly developed at the upper part of Maokou Formation,with a large amount of dissolved fissures and caves overwhelmingly filled by substances from various sources including dissociated carbonate fragments,calcite crystals and carbonous clays,and no sign of karst breccia. The karstification belongs to eogenetic karst in palaeo-continental settings,which is significantly featured by the dissolution-filling controlled by its lithology and lithofacies:Micrite limestone within non-bank facies is compact,and shows little sign of dissolution-filling,while grainstone within bank facies is characterized by good karst development,and three zones of dissolution-filling can be recognized including matrix,half-dissociated and mixed-filling zones. Based on the above characteristics,it is suggested that high porosity-permeability layers of grainstone and compact ones of micrite limestone were multi-cycle superimposed vertically,and primary porosity-permeability system accompanied by faults and fissures provided sufficient channels for karst water,which resulted in the whole karst system featured by contemporaneous mult￣layer and grain￣bank facies controlled. The karst reservoir, therefore,favored to develop in both karst platform and karst slope. The research result will not only provide supplement and reference for the existing studies of the subject,but also is of meaning to the oil and gas exploration of Maokou Formation.

Key words: karst, strata-bound, grain-shoal-facies-controlled, Permian, Sichuan Basin

中图分类号:

P588.24＋5

肖笛, 谭秀成, 郗爱华, 刘宏, 山述娇, 夏吉文, 程遥, 连承波. 四川盆地南部中二叠统茅口组碳酸盐岩岩溶特征:古大陆环境下层控型早成岩期岩溶实例[J]. 古地理学报, 2015, 17(4): 457-476.

Xiao Di, Tan Xiucheng, Xi Aihua, Liu Hong, Shan Shujiao, >Xia Jiwen, Cheng Yao, Lian Chengbo. Palaeokarst characteristics of carbonate rocks of the Middle Permian Maokou Formation in southern Sichuan Basin:Example of strata-bound eogenetic karst in palaeo-continental settings[J]. JOPC, 2015, 17(4): 457-476.

http://www.gdlxb.cn/CN/Y2015/V17/I4/457

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