摘要： 基于第19届国际沉积学大会资料,分析了当前国际沉积学研究热点和研究进展,指出除了资源沉积学研究持续走热外,全球气候变化沉积记录、深水沉积与事件沉积和碳酸盐与微生物沉积成为当前沉积学3大热门研究领域。全球气候沉积记录领域的进展表现在气候的沉积记录载体研究,特殊地质时期或地域气候效应及早期气候宏观变化规律研究;深水沉积与事件沉积领域的进展包括水力跳跃、深水实地监测等重力流沉积过程研究,地震、海啸、洪水、火山等事件沉积学及重力流沉积预测及油气勘探;碳酸盐与微生物沉积领域的进展包含冷水碳酸盐沉积和微生物对碳酸盐沉积的控制。对比表明,中国沉积学研究在环境上关注河湖等陆相多,风成、冰川和海岸等研究较薄弱;性质上以资源沉积学等应用研究为主导,沉积动力过程等基础研究薄弱;热点领域上对深水沉积和非常规油气领域关注多,但多局限于沉积现象描述与油气勘探开发实践。笔者指出,注重碎屑物沉积动力过程和源—渠—汇系统分析,及时引进深水和冷水碳酸盐沉积理论、发展生物地质学,充分利用大量科探和油田钻孔资料开展全球气候研究,是近期中国沉积学突破的可能方向。

关键词: 沉积学, 研究热点, 研究进展, 研究方向, 国际沉积学大会

Abstract: The current research hotspots and advances of international sedimentology has been analyzed based on the data of 19th International Sedimentological Congress,which indicates that global climatic sedimentary record,deepwater sedimentology and event deposition,and carbonate and microbial sedimentology are becoming the three current hot issues in sedimentology besides the continual hot topic: resources sedimentology. Main progresses in global climate sedimentary record came from sedimentary recorders exploration for detailed climate change,climatic environmental and ecological effects and the climate macro-change rules of deep time in a special geological time or a special geological realm. Main advances in deepwater sedimentology and event deposition were embodied in sedimentary process study,such as hydraulic jump and field monitoring of deepwater sedimentary process,and event deposition triggered by earthquake,tsunami,flood,volcanic,etc.,and the turbidite prediction and hydrocarbon exploration. Advances in carbonate and microbial sedimentology were expressed in cold water carbonate deposition and microbial controls on carbonate deposition. Comparison shows that sedimentary study in China focuses on continental facies such as fluvial and lacustrine but seldom on eolian,glacier and coastal environment;focuses on applied resource sedimentology and so forth,but rarely on basic scientific problems such as sedimentary dynamic process study in terms of the study objectives;focuses more on deepwater sedimentation and unconventional resource geology in three hot issues,but confined them to the sedimentary phenomenon description,hydrocarbon exploration and development. Finally,the authors suggest that three breakthrough directions possibly come from more attentions paid to sedimentary dynamic process and source-channel-sink system analysis,and timely introduction of the deepwater and cold carbonate sedimentation and biological geology theory,and global climate change studies with full-use of a large number of scientific drillings and wells information from oilfield drilling.

Key words: sedimentology, hot topic, progress, research direction, International Sedimentological Congress

中图分类号: 

• P512.2