华北地台西缘早&mdash;中寒武世过渡期核形石：微生物群落对浅海缺氧环境的响应*

doi:10.7605/gdlxb.2014.03.027

古地理学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (3): 305-318. doi: 10.7605/gdlxb.2014.03.027

• 生物古地理学及古生态学 • 上一篇下一篇

华北地台西缘早—中寒武世过渡期核形石：微生物群落对浅海缺氧环境的响应*

张文浩¹, 史晓颖^1,2, 汤冬杰², 王新强^1,2

¹ 中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院，北京100083;
² 中国地质大学生物地质与环境地质国家重点实验室，北京100083

收稿日期:2014-01-08 修回日期:2014-02-21 出版日期:2014-06-01 发布日期:2014-06-01
通讯作者: 史晓颖，男，1956年生，博士生导师，主要从事地层古生物及沉积学方面的教学与研究。 E-mail: shixycugb@cugb.edu.cn。 E-mail:wenhaocugb@aliyun.com
作者简介:张文浩，男，1987年生，博士研究生，主要从事地球生物学与沉积学方面的研究。 E-mail: wenhaocugb@aliyun.com。电话：13426430299
基金资助:
中国地质大学(北京)刘典波、李斌、吴金键参加了部分野外工作；宁夏地矿局郑昭昌、中石油研究院郭彦如高级工程师在野外和室内工作中提供了帮助，在此致以诚挚的谢意!

Mass-occurrence of oncoids in the Early-Middle Cambrian transition at western margin of North China Platform：A response of microbial community to shallow marine anoxia

Zhang Wenhao¹, Shi Xiaoying^1,2, Tang Dongjie², Wang Xinqiang^1,2

1 School of Earth Sciences and Resources，China University of Geosciences(Beijing)，Beijing 100083;
2 State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences，Beijing 100083

Received:2014-01-08 Revised:2014-02-21 Online:2014-06-01 Published:2014-06-01
Contact: About the corresponding author: Shi Xiaoying，born in 1956，is a professor in China University of Geosciences(Beijing). E-mail: shixycugb@cugb.edu.cn E-mail:wenhaocugb@aliyun.com
About author:Zhang Wenhao，born in 1987，is a Ph D. candidate of paleontology and stratigraphy. He is mainly engaged in biogeology and sedimentology. E-mail: wenhaocugb@aliyun.com
Supported by:
国家重点基础研究发展计划“973计划”项目(编号：2011CB808806)和国家自然科学基金项目(编号：41272039)联合资助

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

地质记录表明在早—中寒武世过渡期发生了一次重要的生物灭绝事件，但对其成因的认识仍存在分歧。作者试图通过对华北地台该时段广泛发育的核形石微组构和矿化过程研究，揭示微生物群落对灾变事件和海洋环境变化的响应。研究发现核形石内富含细菌化石；包壳的微组构和有机矿化特征表明其形成于细菌硫酸盐还原(BSR)作用活跃的高碱度海水条件，密集的莓状黄铁矿微粒和异养细菌残余指示为缺氧环境；而沉积相分析显示核形石发育于浅海陆棚背景。研究认为，同期的核形石及其他可对比微生物岩不仅在华北广泛分布，在其他大陆和板块上也有良好记录，表明在这个生物灾变期浅海环境有广泛的微生物群爆发，并可能与大火成岩省喷发、全球气温升高以及深部缺氧海水向陆棚侵进引起的浅海广泛缺氧相关。早—中寒武世过渡期广泛发育的微生物岩可能记录了底栖动物大量灭绝后，微生物群在缺氧水体中的快速繁盛与生态扩张过程。

关键词: 早—中寒武世过渡期, 核形石, 有机矿化, 草莓状黄铁矿, 缺氧环境, 华北地台

Abstract:

Geological records showed that an important biological extinction event happened during the Early-Middle Cambrian transition period, but there are controversial views about its orign. In order to reveal the response of microbial community to the biotic crisis and the marine environment change，microfabrics and organo-minerals in the oncoid cortices formed in that period at the North China Platform were studied. The study revealed that abundant microbial fossils exist in the oncoids. Study of microfabrics and organomineralization patterns in the oncoid cortices suggested that the oncoids were likely formed in seawater with high alkalinity and active bacterial sulfate reduction(BSR). Rich pyrite framboids and purported heterotrophic remains in the cortices represented an anoxic bottom-water condition，and facies and depositional sequence analyses suggested a shallow shelf environment. A wide correlation indicated that the time-equivalent oncoids or related microbialites were widespread in the North China Platform，and also well recorded in some other continents or plates. This may imply an extensive bloom of microbial communities in the aftermath of terminal Early Cambrian biotic crisis，which was likely related to a pervasive anoxia in shallow marine environments caused by LIP(Large igneous province) eruptions，and subsequently global warming and invasion of anoxic deep seawater onto the shelves at that time. The broad distribution of oncoids and other related microbialites at the Early-Middle Cambrian transition may have reflected an ecological response and rapid expansion of microbial community to the high-stressed environments where benthic metazoans had been largely suppressed during the biotic crises.

Key words: Lower-Middle Cambrian transition, oncoids, organomineralization, pyrite framboids, anoxic environment, North China Platform

中图分类号:

P534

张文浩, 史晓颖, 汤冬杰, 王新强. 华北地台西缘早—中寒武世过渡期核形石：微生物群落对浅海缺氧环境的响应*[J]. 古地理学报, 2014, 16(3): 305-318.

Zhang Wenhao, Shi Xiaoying, Tang Dongjie, Wang Xinqiang. Mass-occurrence of oncoids in the Early-Middle Cambrian transition at western margin of North China Platform：A response of microbial community to shallow marine anoxia[J]. JOPC, 2014, 16(3): 305-318.

http://www.gdlxb.cn/CN/Y2014/V16/I3/305

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华北地台西缘早—中寒武世过渡期核形石：微生物群落对浅海缺氧环境的响应*

Mass-occurrence of oncoids in the Early-Middle Cambrian transition at western margin of North China Platform：A response of microbial community to shallow marine anoxia

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