摘要： 作为碳酸盐岩的重要类型，白云岩的成因机理和时空分布规律，一直是沉积学重要的研究主题之一。沉积学家已经建立了众多的白云石化模式，并用来解释各种白云岩的成因。然而，白云石在地表条件下的形成过程和机理，一直没有得到实验室条件下的模拟和证实，所以白云岩的成因就成为沉积学的难题，即沉积学中的 “白云岩问题”。白云岩形成的作用被简称为白云石化作用，同时作为碳酸盐岩成岩作用机制的类型之一，代表了科学理念的第1个变化；立足于前寒武纪白云岩原生沉积组构的精美保存，从早先的 “原生白云石沉淀”的假设到后期的 “拟晶白云石化作用”模式的提出，代表了科学理念的第2个重要变化；微生物作用有助于白云石沉淀而出现的 “微生物白云石化作用”的模式，似乎代表了沉积学家对沉积学中的 “白云岩问题”的探索和研究之中的第3个重要的科学理念进步。追逐上述科学理念的变化和进步，将会更加深入了解科学家们对 “白云岩问题”研究和探索的重要进展。

关键词: 白云岩问题, 碳酸盐沉积学, 研究进展

Abstract: As an important category of carbonate rocks，the forming mechanism and its temporal-spatial distribution feature have been an important researching topic in sedimentology all along.Although lots of models of dolomitization have been proposed and are used to interpret the origin of diversified dolostone，the forming mechanism and process of dolomite have not been simulated and confirmed under experimental conditions，which led to a conundrum in sedimentology，i.e.the “dolostone problem”.The formation of dolostone has been simplified as the dolomitization and has been referred as one type of carbonate diagenesis，which represents the first advance of scientific concept.On the basis of the excellent preservation of the primary sedimentary fabrics for the Precambrian dolostone，the change from the previous assumption that the Precambrian dolostone could be primary precipitates to an important concept of the mimetic dolomitization means the second advance of scientific concept.The third advance of scientific concept for dolomite and dolomitization，should refer to the model of microbial dolomitization resulted from the understanding of that microbes can help to dolomitization.Seeking these important advancements will be very meaningful to further understand the progresses of the studies of the “dolostone problem” in sedimentology.

Key words: dolostone problem, carbonate sedimentology, research advance

中图分类号: 

• P534