Differential response of microbialite sequence assemblages in context of “transgressive-regression”: a case study of the Ma56-10 sub-members in central-eastern Ordos Basin

doi:10.7605/gdlxb.2025.094

Journal of Palaeogeography（Chinese Edition） ›› 2025, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (5): 1189-1206. doi: 10.7605/gdlxb.2025.094

• LITHOFACIES PALAEOGEOGRAPHY AND SEDIMENTOLOGY • Previous Articles Next Articles

Differential response of microbialite sequence assemblages in context of “transgressive-regression”: a case study of the Ma5_6-10 sub-members in central-eastern Ordos Basin

YONG Jingkang¹^,²(), TAN Xiucheng¹^,²(), FEI Zhaolei³, ZHONG Shoukang¹^,², WEI Liubin⁴, REN Junfeng⁴, XIONG Ying¹^,², XIAO Di²

1 State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
2 Research Branch of Southwest Petroleum University, Key Laboratory of Carbonate Reservoirs,CNPC, Chengdu 610500, China
3 Geological Exploration and Development Research Institute of CCDC, CNPC, Chengdu 610051, China
4 Exploration and Development Research Institute of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi’an 710018, China

Received:2025-04-20 Revised:2025-05-24 Online:2025-10-01 Published:2025-09-30
Contact: TAN Xiucheng,born in 1970,is a professorat in Southwest Petroleum University. He is engaged in researches of sedimentology and reservoir geology. E-mail: tanxiucheng70@163.com.
About author:
YONG Jingkang,born in 2001,is a masteral candidate in Southwest Petroleum University. He majors in sedimentology. E-mail: yongjingkang22@163.com.
Supported by:
Sichuan Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2025ZNSFSC1186)

“海侵—海退”背景下微生物岩序列组合的差异响应: 以鄂尔多斯盆地中东部马五_6-10亚段为例^*

雍靖康¹^,²(), 谭秀成¹^,²(), 费肇磊³, 钟寿康¹^,², 魏柳斌⁴, 任军峰⁴, 熊鹰¹^,², 肖笛²

1 西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室, 四川成都 610500
2 中国石油集团碳酸盐岩储层重点实验室西南石油大学研究分室, 四川成都 610500
3 中国石油川庆钻探工程有限公司地质勘探开发研究院, 四川成都 610051
4 中国石油长庆油田公司勘探开发研究院, 陕西西安 710018

通讯作者: 谭秀成,男,1970年生,博士,教授,主要从事沉积学与储层地质学研究工作。E-mail: tanxiucheng70@163.com。
作者简介:
雍靖康,男,2001年生,西南石油大学硕士研究生,主要从事沉积学研究工作。E-mail: yongjingkang22@163.com。
基金资助:
*四川省自然科学青年基金项目(2025ZNSFSC1186)

Abstract

Abstract:

The structural and sequential complexity and variability of microbialites result in multiple interpretations of their depositional environments. This study focuses on the 6th to 10th sub-members of the fifth member of the Ordovician Majiagou Formation(Ma5_6-10 sub-member)in the central-eastern Ordos Basin as an example. Based on systematic core and thin-section analyses,this paper presents a detailed characterization of microbialite sequences under varying sea-level conditions,aiming to reduce uncertainties in sedimentary environment interpretation. The results show that: (1)Three types of microbial carbonates,including stromatolites,thrombolites and microbial-bonded granular dolomite,are developed in the study area,forming two major categories and six types of microbialite sedimentary sequences. (2)During a fourth-order sea-level fall,interactions among the concavo-convex paleogeomorphologic pattern,gradual differentiation of seawater salinity,and energy control the formation of diverse microbialite sequences. These sequences exhibit complex lithologic correlations composed of four upward-shallowing fifth-order(meter-scale)cycles: lagoon-tidal flat,lagoon-microbial mound-tidal flat,lagoon-microbial mound and lagoon-microbial mound-evaporite evaporative lagoon/tidal flat. (3)Under a fourth-order sea-level rise,microbialite sequences and lithological assemblages are relatively simple,comprising two fifth-order cycles: microbial mound and intermound sea-microbial mound. The higher accommodation space during this phase contributes to the thicker single-cycle deposition. These findings reveal the construction patterns and controlling factors of microbialite sequences under varying sea level changes,providing a foundation for the subsequent inversion of different geomorphologic units and the sedimentary environmental evolution through the analysis of microbialite sequence structures.

Key words: microbialite, sea level change, depositional sequence, Majiagou Formation, Ordos Basin

摘要： 微生物岩结构复杂,岩性序列组合多变,从而使环境解释具有多解性。以鄂尔多斯盆地中东部奥陶系马家沟组五段6~10亚段为例,利用系统的钻井取心和薄片资料,精细剖析不同海平面变化背景下的微生物岩序列特征,以降低沉积环境解释的不确定性。结果表明: (1)鄂尔多斯盆地中东部马五_6-10亚段发育叠层石云岩、凝块石云岩和粘结颗粒云岩3类微生物碳酸盐岩,由其构成的微生物岩序列可划分为2个大类、6个小类; (2)四级海退背景下,凹凸相间的古地貌格局耦合海水盐度/能量的渐次分异控制了多样化的微生物岩序列,其岩相组合复杂,由潟湖—台坪、潟湖—微生物丘—台坪、潟湖—微生物丘、潟湖—微生物丘—蒸发潟湖/台坪4种五级(米级)变浅旋回构成; (3)四级海侵背景下形成的微生物岩序列和岩相组合相对简单,以微生物丘、丘间海—微生物丘2种五级变浅旋回为特征,且较高可容空间促使其单旋回沉积厚度更大。研究成果揭示出不同海平面变化背景下的微生物岩序列构建模式及分布控制因素,为后续利用微生物岩序列结构反演不同地貌单元和沉积环境演变奠定了基础。

关键词: 微生物岩, 海平面变化, 沉积序列, 马家沟组, 鄂尔多斯盆地

CLC Number:

P531

YONG Jingkang, TAN Xiucheng, FEI Zhaolei, ZHONG Shoukang, WEI Liubin, REN Junfeng, XIONG Ying, XIAO Di. Differential response of microbialite sequence assemblages in context of “transgressive-regression”: a case study of the Ma5_6-10 sub-members in central-eastern Ordos Basin[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography（Chinese Edition）, 2025, 27(5): 1189-1206.

雍靖康, 谭秀成, 费肇磊, 钟寿康, 魏柳斌, 任军峰, 熊鹰, 肖笛. “海侵—海退”背景下微生物岩序列组合的差异响应: 以鄂尔多斯盆地中东部马五_6-10亚段为例^*[J]. 古地理学报, 2025, 27(5): 1189-1206.

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大类	小类	结构特征	频数/个	平均厚度/m	发育层位	图示
海退型	序列Ⅰ	叠层石主导	20	0.86	马五₆	图4-a
	序列Ⅱ	凝块石/粘结颗粒岩—叠层石	52	1.39	马五₆、马五₈	图4-b
	序列Ⅲ	叠层石—凝块石/粘结颗粒岩	11	1.29	马五₆、马五₁₀	图4-c
	序列Ⅳ	微生物岩—膏岩共生	38	1.42	马五₆、马五₈、马五₁₀	图4-d
海侵型	序列Ⅴ	凝块石—粘结颗粒岩	37	1.53	马五₇、马五₉	图5-a
	序列Ⅵ	凝块石—粘结颗粒岩互层	46	1.25	马五₇、马五₉	图5-b

大类	小类	结构特征	频数/个	平均厚度/m	发育层位	图示
海退型	序列Ⅰ	叠层石主导	20	0.86	马五₆	图4-a
	序列Ⅱ	凝块石/粘结颗粒岩—叠层石	52	1.39	马五₆、马五₈	图4-b
	序列Ⅲ	叠层石—凝块石/粘结颗粒岩	11	1.29	马五₆、马五₁₀	图4-c
	序列Ⅳ	微生物岩—膏岩共生	38	1.42	马五₆、马五₈、马五₁₀	图4-d
海侵型	序列Ⅴ	凝块石—粘结颗粒岩	37	1.53	马五₇、马五₉	图5-a
	序列Ⅵ	凝块石—粘结颗粒岩互层	46	1.25	马五₇、马五₉	图5-b

沉积相			主要岩性	典型相标志	典型序列	图示
相	亚相	微相	主要岩性	典型相标志	典型序列	图示
局限— 蒸发台地	潟湖/丘 (滩)间海	半局限潟湖	灰质云岩、泥(粉)晶云岩	生物潜穴	/	/
		局限潟湖/丘(滩)间海	泥质云岩、泥(粉)晶云岩	水平层理生物潜穴	Ⅰ~Ⅳ	图4
		膏质蒸发潟湖	云质膏岩、含云膏岩、膏岩	块状层理铁丝鸡笼构造
		盐质蒸发潟湖	盐质膏岩、膏质盐岩、盐岩	块状层理
	颗粒滩	颗粒滩	砂(砾)屑云岩、生屑云岩	递变层理	/	/
	微生物丘	丘基	叠层石云岩、凝块石云岩、粘结颗粒云岩	叠层构造生物格架	Ⅱ~Ⅵ	图4 图5
		丘核	凝块石云岩、粘结颗粒云岩	生物格架
		丘坪	叠层石云岩、凝块石云岩、粘结颗粒云岩	叠层构造生物格架
	台坪	云坪	泥质云岩、泥晶云岩、含膏云岩	水平层理	Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ	图4-a, 4-b,4-d
		藻云坪	叠层石云岩、角砾云岩	叠层构造
		膏云坪	膏质云岩、云质膏岩、膏岩	块状层理铁丝鸡笼构造

沉积相			主要岩性	典型相标志	典型序列	图示
相	亚相	微相	主要岩性	典型相标志	典型序列	图示
局限— 蒸发台地	潟湖/丘 (滩)间海	半局限潟湖	灰质云岩、泥(粉)晶云岩	生物潜穴	/	/
		局限潟湖/丘(滩)间海	泥质云岩、泥(粉)晶云岩	水平层理生物潜穴	Ⅰ~Ⅳ	图4
		膏质蒸发潟湖	云质膏岩、含云膏岩、膏岩	块状层理铁丝鸡笼构造
		盐质蒸发潟湖	盐质膏岩、膏质盐岩、盐岩	块状层理
	颗粒滩	颗粒滩	砂(砾)屑云岩、生屑云岩	递变层理	/	/
	微生物丘	丘基	叠层石云岩、凝块石云岩、粘结颗粒云岩	叠层构造生物格架	Ⅱ~Ⅵ	图4 图5
		丘核	凝块石云岩、粘结颗粒云岩	生物格架
		丘坪	叠层石云岩、凝块石云岩、粘结颗粒云岩	叠层构造生物格架
	台坪	云坪	泥质云岩、泥晶云岩、含膏云岩	水平层理	Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ	图4-a, 4-b,4-d
		藻云坪	叠层石云岩、角砾云岩	叠层构造
		膏云坪	膏质云岩、云质膏岩、膏岩	块状层理铁丝鸡笼构造

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Differential response of microbialite sequence assemblages in context of “transgressive-regression”: a case study of the Ma5_6-10 sub-members in central-eastern Ordos Basin

“海侵—海退”背景下微生物岩序列组合的差异响应: 以鄂尔多斯盆地中东部马五_6-10亚段为例^*

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