U-Pb age characteristics of detrital zircons in sediments from the Red River and its implications for fluvial evolution

doi:10.7605/gdlxb.2025.050

Abstract

Abstract:

The distribution of the Asian drainage network has undergone a complex evolution due to the Cenozoic uplift of the Tibetan Plateau. As a critical transport channel located northwest of the South China Sea,the Red River plays a pivotal role in the source-to-sink sedimentary system of the South China Basin. Therefore,reconstructing its evolutionary history is essential for understanding regional paleogeographic patterns. In this study,detrital zircon U-Pb chronology was employed to analyze sediments from the Red River system. The results reveal six major age groups: Himalayan orogeny(30-40 Ma),Indosinian orogeny(240-260 Ma),Caledonian orogeny(440-460 Ma),Jinningian orogeny(750-1000 Ma),Lüliangian orogeny(1700-2000 Ma),and the Ancient Crust Growth Period(2300-3000 Ma). These findings indicate that the southwestern Yangtze Craton(Ailao Shan and Day Nui Con Voi Belts)and the northern IndoChina Block are the primary sources of the Red River sediments. Furthermore,it is proposed that during the Early Miocene,the modern Red River was initially a minor river in northern Vietnam. Subsequently,with the continuous uplift of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau in the southeastern part of the Tibetan Plateau,the Red River experienced headward erosion along the Ailao Shan-Red River strike-slip fault zone during the Neogene. By the Pleistocene,sediments transported by the modern Red River had covered the entire Yinggehai Basin.

Key words: the Red River, Yinggehai Basin, zircon dating, provenance, fluvial evolution

摘要：

受新生代青藏高原隆升的强烈影响,亚洲水系展布经历了复杂的演化过程。现代红河作为南海西北部重要的沉积物搬运通道,是南海盆地“源-汇”体系的关键组成部分,揭示红河演变过程对于区域古地理恢复具有重要意义。本研究使用碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学方法,对现代红河水系沉积物进行分析,发现现代红河沉积物以喜山期(30—40 Ma)、印支期(240—260 Ma)、加里东期(440—460 Ma)、晋宁期(750—1000 Ma)、吕梁期(1700—2000 Ma)和古老基底增长期(2300—3000 Ma)的锆石年龄组分为特征,物源主要来自扬子克拉通西南部哀牢山—大象山和印支地块北部; 同时认为,现代红河在早中新世仅是越南北部地区的近源小河,伴随着新近纪青藏高原东南部云贵高原的持续隆升,红河沿哀牢山—红河走滑断裂带溯源侵蚀,直至更新世,现代红河沉积物全面覆盖莺歌海盆地。

关键词: 红河, 莺歌海盆地, 锆石定年, 物源, 河流演化

CLC Number:

P597

ZHAO Xiaoyi, QIAO Peijun, CUI Yuchi, SHAO Lei. U-Pb age characteristics of detrital zircons in sediments from the Red River and its implications for fluvial evolution[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography（Chinese Edition）, 2025, 27(5): 1290-1301.

赵晓逸, 乔培军, 崔宇驰, 邵磊. 红河沉积物碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄特征及河流演化^*[J]. 古地理学报, 2025, 27(5): 1290-1301.

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URL: http://www.gdlxb.cn/EN/10.7605/gdlxb.2025.050

http://www.gdlxb.cn/EN/Y2025/V27/I5/1290

Figures/Tables 8

References 43

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样号/井号	数量/件	位置	时代	纬度	经度	数据来源
H-4	1	红河上游(中国)	现代	22.7081°N	103.7382°E	本文
H-3	1	红河上游(中国)	现代	22.5672°N	103.8944°E	本文
V9-4-1	1	红河下游(越南)	现代	22.1653°N	104.3403°E	本文
V9-2-1	1	红河下游(越南)	现代	21.4457°N	105.1217°E	本文
V9-1-1	1	泸江下游(越南)	现代	21.3649°N	105.3901°E	本文
BLR-1	1	沱江下游(越南)	现代	20.8425°N	105.3576°E	Wang et al., 2019b
V9-3-1	1	红河河口三角洲	现代	20.2905°N	106.5586°E	本文
4V-415	1	老街盆地	中中新世	/	/	Hoang et al., 2009
4V-316	1	安沛盆地	晚中新世	/	/	Hoang et al.,2009
S1	1	莺歌海盆地	晚渐新世—更新世	/	/	Wang et al.,2020
H29	1			/	/	Wang et al.,2016
YSYA	1			/	/	Yan et al.,2011
LO	7			/	/	Wang et al.,2019b
L11	6			/	/	Wang et al.,2019c
/	29	羌塘地块	前寒武纪—新生代	/	/	据Cui et al.,2024,修改
/	17	松潘—甘孜地块	前寒武纪—新生代	/	/	据Pan and Hu,2024,修改
/	38	红河上游源区	前寒武纪—新生代	/	/	据Cui et al., 2024,修改
/	84	红河下游源区	前寒武纪—新生代	/	/	据Cui et al., 2024,修改

样号/井号	数量/件	位置	时代	纬度	经度	数据来源
H-4	1	红河上游(中国)	现代	22.7081°N	103.7382°E	本文
H-3	1	红河上游(中国)	现代	22.5672°N	103.8944°E	本文
V9-4-1	1	红河下游(越南)	现代	22.1653°N	104.3403°E	本文
V9-2-1	1	红河下游(越南)	现代	21.4457°N	105.1217°E	本文
V9-1-1	1	泸江下游(越南)	现代	21.3649°N	105.3901°E	本文
BLR-1	1	沱江下游(越南)	现代	20.8425°N	105.3576°E	Wang et al., 2019b
V9-3-1	1	红河河口三角洲	现代	20.2905°N	106.5586°E	本文
4V-415	1	老街盆地	中中新世	/	/	Hoang et al., 2009
4V-316	1	安沛盆地	晚中新世	/	/	Hoang et al.,2009
S1	1	莺歌海盆地	晚渐新世—更新世	/	/	Wang et al.,2020
H29	1			/	/	Wang et al.,2016
YSYA	1			/	/	Yan et al.,2011
LO	7			/	/	Wang et al.,2019b
L11	6			/	/	Wang et al.,2019c
/	29	羌塘地块	前寒武纪—新生代	/	/	据Cui et al.,2024,修改
/	17	松潘—甘孜地块	前寒武纪—新生代	/	/	据Pan and Hu,2024,修改
/	38	红河上游源区	前寒武纪—新生代	/	/	据Cui et al., 2024,修改
/	84	红河下游源区	前寒武纪—新生代	/	/	据Cui et al., 2024,修改

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