川东地区寒武系洗象池群颗粒滩储集层发育特征及主控因素<sup>*</sup>

doi:10.7605/gdlxb.2025.023

古地理学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (3): 684-695. doi: 10.7605/gdlxb.2025.023

川东地区寒武系洗象池群颗粒滩储集层发育特征及主控因素^*

王必金¹(), 刘晨虎²(), 刘漪³, 刘皓天³, 陈绵琨³, 陈兰朴³, 于晓娜³

1 中国石油化工股份有限公司江汉油田分公司,湖北潜江 433100
2 中国石油大学(北京)地球科学学院,北京 102249
3 中国石油化工股份有限公司江汉油田分公司勘探开发研究院,湖北武汉 430070

收稿日期:2023-09-01 修回日期:2024-02-18 出版日期:2025-06-01 发布日期:2025-05-29
通讯作者: 刘晨虎,男,1998年生,硕士研究生,地质资源与地质工程专业,主要从事四川盆地碳酸盐岩储集层研究。E-mail: 383241987@qq.com。
作者简介:
王必金,男,1968年生,博士,中国石油化工股份有限公司江汉油田分公司教授级高级工程师,主要从事油气勘探开发工作。E-mail: wbj_jhyjy@163.com。
基金资助:
*中国石油化工股份有限公司科研项目“渝东—鄂西地区下组合常规天然气勘探潜力评价”(P22077)

Characteristics and main controlling factors of shoal reservoirs in the Cambrian Xixiangchi Group,eastern Sichuan Basin

WANG Bijin¹(), LIU Chenhu²(), LIU Yi³, LIU Haotian³, CHEN Miankun³, CHEN Lanpu³, YU Xiaona³

1 Sinopec Jianghan Oilfield Company,Hubei Qianjiang 433100,China
2 College of Geosciences,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249,China
3 Research Institute of Exploration and Development,Jianghan Oilfield Company,Sinopec,Wuhan 430070,China

Received:2023-09-01 Revised:2024-02-18 Online:2025-06-01 Published:2025-05-29
Contact: LIU Chenhu,born in 1998,master degree candidate,specializes in geological sources and geological engineering,and is mainly engaged in the study of carbonate rock reservoir in Sichuan Basin. E-mail: 383241987@qq.com.
About author:
WANG Bijin,born in 1968,Ph.D.,professor-level senior engineer of Sinopec Jianghan Oilfield Company,is mainly engaged in oil and gas exploration and development. E-mail: wbj_jhyjy@163.com.
Supported by:
research project “Evaluation of conventional natural gas exploration potential of lower combination in the East Chongqing-West Hubei Region”) of China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation(P22077)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

川东地区平桥1井在寒武系洗象池群获得工业气流,揭示该层位具有一定的勘探前景。基于野外露头、岩心、薄片、录井与测井资料,应用储层地质学方法,研究了洗象池群颗粒滩储集层发育分布,结果表明: (1)川东地区洗象池群可识别出台坪旋回、潮缘旋回和潮下旋回,颗粒滩主要发育在潮缘和潮下旋回,潮缘旋回颗粒滩形成于水体变浅的高位体系域中上部高能量带,与周期性暴露的台坪旋回交互,发生准同生溶蚀作用; 而潮下旋回颗粒滩发育于海侵体系域与高位体系域下部高能带,与深潮下低能带交互,未经历暴露溶蚀作用。(2)川东地区颗粒滩发育于台洼东侧边缘,储集层主要岩性是残余砂屑白云岩和粉—细晶白云岩,储集空间为粒间(溶)孔和晶间(溶)孔; 平均孔隙度与渗透率分别为3.24%、1×10^-3 μm³,具有低孔低渗的特点。(3)潮缘旋回颗粒滩的发育受古地貌的影响,其是否受到准同生期大气淡水溶蚀是储集层形成的关键。

关键词: 颗粒滩储集层, 潮缘旋回, 大气淡水溶蚀, 洗象池群, 川东地区

Abstract:

The well Pingqiao 1 in the eastern Sichuan Basin achieved commercial gas flow in the Cambrian Xixiangchi Group,demonstrating significant exploration potential in this stratigraphic unit. Based on outcrop,core,thin section,logging and well-log data,the development and distribution of shoal reservoir in Xixiangchi Group has been studied by reservoir geology method. The results show that: (1)The tidal flat cycle,peritidal cycle and subtidal cycle are identified. Shoal deposits predominantly develop in the peritidal and subtidal cycles. Peritidal shoals are located at the middle-upper part of highstand system tracts where shallow-water conditions interacted with periodically exposed events,resulting in penecontemporaneous dissolution. Subtidal shoals formed in transgressive system tracts(TST)and lower HST high-energy zones,interfacing with low-energy deep subtidal environments without significant exposure-related dissolution. (2)The shoals in the eastern Sichuan Basin are developed in the eastern margin of the low-lying area of the platform,and are dominated by doloarenite and silt-fine crystal dolomite lithofacies. Reservoir spaces primarily consist of intergranular(dissolved)pores and intercrystalline(dissolved)pores. The average porosity and permeability are 3.24% and 1×10^-3 μm³,respectively,showing the characteristics of low porosity and permeability reservoirs. (3)The development of shoals in the peritidal cycle is affected by the paleogeomorphology,and whether it is dissolved by atmospheric fresh water in the quasi-contemporaneous period is the key to reservoir formation.

Key words: shoal reservoir, peritidal cycle, meteoric freshwater dissolution, Xixiangchi Group, eastern Sichuan Basin

中图分类号:

TE122.2

王必金, 刘晨虎, 刘漪, 刘皓天, 陈绵琨, 陈兰朴, 于晓娜. 川东地区寒武系洗象池群颗粒滩储集层发育特征及主控因素^*[J]. 古地理学报, 2025, 27(3): 684-695.

WANG Bijin, LIU Chenhu, LIU Yi, LIU Haotian, CHEN Miankun, CHEN Lanpu, YU Xiaona. Characteristics and main controlling factors of shoal reservoirs in the Cambrian Xixiangchi Group,eastern Sichuan Basin[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography（Chinese Edition）, 2025, 27(3): 684-695.

http://www.gdlxb.cn/CN/Y2025/V27/I3/684

图/表 10

图1 川东地区洗象池群沉积相及平桥1井地层柱状图

Fig.1 Sedimentary facies distribution of the Xixiangchi Group and stratigraphy column of Well Pingqiao-1 in eastern Sichuan Basin

图2 川东地区洗象池群沉积相带划分(据金振奎等,2013; 修改)

Fig.2 Sedimentary facies division of Xixiangchi Group in eastern Sichuan Basin(modified from Jin et al.,2013)

图3 川东地区平桥2井洗象池群沉积旋回特征

Fig.3 Depositional cycles of the Xixiangchi Group in Well Pingqiao-2,eastern Sichuan Basin

图4 川东地区洗象池群沉积构造 a—砂屑白云岩,平行层理,南川三泉剖面,第65层; b—砂屑白云岩,平行层理,南川三泉剖面,第63层; c—砂屑白云岩,交错层理,南川三泉剖面,第63层; d—砂屑白云岩,溶洞,平桥2井,3431.1 m;e—砂屑白云岩,针孔,平桥2井,33492.2 m;f—砂屑白云岩,针孔,平桥2井,3390.7 m; g—泥—粉晶白云岩,干裂,鸟眼构造,平桥2井,3261.2 m;h—泥—粉晶白云岩,裂缝,石膏结核,平桥1井,3426.4 m;i—砂屑白云岩,裂缝,平桥1井,3232.6 m

Fig.4 Depositional structures of the Xixiangchi Group in eastern Sichuan Basin

图5 川东地区洗象池群储集岩与储集空间显微照片 a—残余砂屑白云岩,粒间溶孔,孔隙内充填粒状白云石胶结物和方解石胶结物,南川三泉剖面第55层,蓝色铸体; b—残余砂屑白云岩,粒间溶孔,孔隙内充填粒状白云石胶结物,南川三泉剖面第61层,蓝色铸体; c—残余砂屑白云岩,粒间溶孔,孔隙内充填白云石胶结物,南川三泉剖面第64层,蓝色铸体; d—残余砂屑白云岩,粒间孔,颗粒幻影结构,平桥2井,3347.3 m,蓝色铸体; e—残余砂屑白云岩,粒间溶孔,颗粒幻影结构,南川三泉剖面第64层,蓝色铸体; f—中晶白云岩,晶间孔,平桥1井,3486.2 m,蓝色铸体; g—细晶白云岩,晶间孔,平桥2井,3443.8 m,蓝色铸体; h—残余砂屑白云岩,构造缝,平桥2井, 3332.2 m,蓝色铸体; i—残余砂屑白云岩,构造缝,平桥2井,3328.5 m,蓝色铸体

Fig.5 Micrograph of reservoir rock and reservoir space of the Xixiangchi Group in eastern Sichuan

图6 川东洗象池群不同沉积旋回颗粒白云岩平均孔隙度直方图(a)、平均渗透率直方图(b)和孔隙度-渗透率散点图(c)

Fig.6 Histogram of average porosity(a),average permeability(b),and cross plot of porosity and permeability(c) for grainstone dolomite in different sedimentary cycles of the Xixiangchi Group,eastern Sichuan Basin

图7 川东洗象池群潮下旋回与潮缘旋回颗粒白云岩平均粒径与中值粒径交汇图(a),平均粒径与分选系数交汇图(b),颗粒含量与分选系数交汇图(c)与颗粒滩胶结物与颗粒含量交汇图(d)

Fig.7 Cross-plots of mean and median grain size(a),average grain size and sorting coefficient(b),particle content and sorting coefficient(c)and shoal cement and particle content(d)of subtidal and peritidal cycles grainstone dolomite of the Xixiangchi Group,eastern Sichuan Basin

图8 川东地区洗象池群广探2井—平桥2井联井对比图

Fig.8 Correlation of the Xixiangchi Group in Wells Guangtan-2 and Pingqiao-2 in eastern Sichuan Basin

图9 川东地区平桥2井洗象池群综合柱状图

Fig.9 Comprehensive column of the Xixiangchi Group in Well Pingqiao-2,eastern Sichuan Basin

图10 川东地区洗象池群颗粒滩厚度等值线图

Fig.10 Contour map of shoal thickness of the Xixiangchi Group in eastern Sichuan Basin

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	[Zhao A W, Tan X C, Li L, Luo B, Hong H T, Liu J W, Wang Y, Duan Z. 2015. Characteristics and distribution of grain banks in the Cambrian Xixiangchi Group of Sichuan Basin and its adjacent areas. Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese Edition), 17(1): 21-32]
[24]	周进高, 席胜利, 邓红婴, 于洲, 刘新社, 丁振纯, 李维岭, 唐瑾. 2020. 鄂尔多斯盆地寒武系—奥陶系深层海相碳酸盐岩构造—岩相古地理特征. 天然气工业, 40(2): 41-53.
	[Zhou J G, Xi S L, Deng H Y, Yu Z, Liu X S, Ding Z C, Li W L, Tang J. 2020. Tectonic-lithofacies paleogeographic characteristics of Cambrian-Ordovician deep marine carbonate rocks in the Ordos Basin. Natural Gas Industry, 40(2): 41-53]

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川东地区寒武系洗象池群颗粒滩储集层发育特征及主控因素^*

Characteristics and main controlling factors of shoal reservoirs in the Cambrian Xixiangchi Group,eastern Sichuan Basin

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川东地区寒武系洗象池群颗粒滩储集层发育特征及主控因素*

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川东地区寒武系洗象池群颗粒滩储集层发育特征及主控因素^*