川东地区侏罗系自流井组东岳庙段陆相页岩岩相类型及储集层特征<sup>*</sup>

doi:10.7605/gdlxb.2025.028

古地理学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (3): 696-713. doi: 10.7605/gdlxb.2025.028

川东地区侏罗系自流井组东岳庙段陆相页岩岩相类型及储集层特征^*

陈旺¹^,²(), 王兴志¹^,²(), 韦明洋¹^,², 曾德铭¹^,², 康家豪¹^,², 李阳¹^,², 刘凯铭¹^,², 李钥³, 洪海涛³, 周红飞³

1 油气藏地质及开发工程全国重点实验室, 西南石油大学,四川成都 610500
2 西南石油大学地球科学与技术学院,四川成都 610500
3 中国石油西南油气田公司勘探开发研究院,四川成都 610051

收稿日期:2024-02-25 修回日期:2024-05-31 出版日期:2025-06-01 发布日期:2025-05-29
通讯作者: 王兴志,男,1964年生,博士,教授,主要从事储层沉积学等方面的教学与研究工作。E-mail: wxzswpu@163.com。
作者简介:
陈旺,男,1999年生,西南石油大学在读硕士研究生,研究方向为沉积学与储层地质学。E-mail: chenwang0208@163.com。
基金资助:
*中国石油—西南石油大学创新联合体项目(2020CX050000); 四川省自然科学基金重点项目(24NSFSC0093)

Lithofacies types and reservoir characteristics of continental shale in the Dongyuemiao Member of Jurassic Ziliujing Formation, eastern Sichuan Basin

CHEN Wang¹^,²(), WANG Xingzhi¹^,²(), WEI Mingyang¹^,², ZENG Deming¹^,², KANG Jiahao¹^,², LI Yang¹^,², LIU Kaiming¹^,², LI Yue³, HONG Haitao³, ZHOU Hongfei³

1 State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,China
2 School of Geoscience and Technology,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,China
3 Research Institute of Exploration and Development,PetroChina Southwest Oil & Gasfield Company,Chengdu 610051,China

Received:2024-02-25 Revised:2024-05-31 Online:2025-06-01 Published:2025-05-29
Contact: WANG Xingzhi,born in 1964,is a Ph.D. and professor. He is mainly engaged in teaching and research in reservoir sedimentology. E-mail: wxzswpu@163.com.
About author:
CHEN Wang,born in 1999,is a master's student at Southwest Petroleum University. His research direction is sedimentology and reservoir geology. E-mail: chenwang0208@163.com.
Supported by:
Innovation Consortium Project between China National Petroleum Corporation and Southwest Petroleum University(2020CX050000); Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(24NSFSC0093)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

页岩储集层物性是页岩油气富集机理的关键,为确定陆相页岩不同岩相类型的储集层物性及其主控因素,以川东地区侏罗系东岳庙段页岩为研究对象,在岩相划分的基础上,利用扫描电镜、低温氮气吸附等手段,研究其储集空间类型、储集层物性及主控因素。研究结果表明: (1)川东地区东岳庙段陆相页岩矿物成分以黏土矿物和石英为主,方解石次之,并含少量长石、白云石、黄铁矿和菱铁矿。研究区页岩主要为高—中碳黏土质页岩(Ⅰ₂)、含—中碳混合质页岩(Ⅱ₁)、中—低碳粉砂(黏土)质混合质页岩(Ⅱ₂)和含—低碳泥质粉砂岩(Ⅲ₂)4类岩相。(2)页岩的储集空间主要为微孔隙和微裂缝。前者主要为黏土矿物晶间孔,次为有机质孔以及局部岩相中发育的介壳溶蚀孔; 后者主要为页理缝和介壳边缘缝。(3)川东地区页岩中高有机质丰度(>1%)、高黏土矿物含量(>40%)和适量的碳酸盐矿物含量(8%~12%)有利于页岩孔隙的发育,而高石英+长石矿物含量(>50%)和过高或过低的碳酸盐矿物含量(>12%或<8%)不利于页岩孔隙的发育。(4)含—中碳粉砂(黏土)质混合质页岩(Ⅱ₂)是最有利的储集层发育岩相,高—中碳黏土质页岩(Ⅰ₂)次之,中—低碳混合质页岩(Ⅱ₁)较差,含—低碳泥质粉砂岩(Ⅲ₂)最差。结合东岳庙段岩相纵向分布规律,认为东二亚段中上部是川东地区储集层优选层位。

关键词: 陆相页岩, 岩相类型, 储集层特征, 东岳庙段, 川东地区

Abstract:

The physical properties of shale reservoirs are crucial to the enrichment mechanism of shale oil and gas. This study focuses on investigating the reservoir's physical properties and the key factors controlling various lithofacies of continental shale in the Jurassic Dongyuemiao shale in the eastern Sichuan Basin. On the basis of lithofacies division,the research employs core observation,scanning electron microscope,low-temperature nitrogen adsorption,and other methods to analyze the reservoir space type,physical properties,and the primary controlling factors. The study findings reveal that: (1)The Dongyuemiao Member shale in the eastern Sichuan Basin are primarily composed of clay minerals and quartz,followed by calcite,and minor amounts of feldspar,dolomite,pyrite,and rhodochrosite. Four main lithofacies are identified in the study area: high-medium total organic carbon(TOC)argillaceous shale(Ⅰ₂),medium TOC and TOC bearing mixed shale(Ⅱ₁),medium-low TOC silt(argillaceous)mixed shale(Ⅱ₂),and low TOC and TOC bearing argillaceous siltstone(Ⅲ₂). (2)The shale reservoir space is mainly composed of micropores and microfractures. The micropores are dominated by intergranular pores between clay minerals,followed by pores within organic matter and,locally,shell dissolution pores. Microfractures mainly include bedding fractures and edge fractures around shell fragments. (3)High organic matter abundance(>1%),high content of clay minerals(>40%),and moderate carbonate mineral content(8%~12%)in the shale of the study area are conducive to pore development. In contrast,high quartz and feldspar mineral content(>50%)and either excessive or insufficient carbonate mineral content(>12% or <8%)hinder shale pore development. (4)Among the lithofacies types,the medium-low TOC silty(argillaceous)mixed shale(Ⅱ₂) is the most favorable for reservoir development,followed by high-medium TOC argillaceous shale(Ⅰ₂). The medium TOC and TOC bearing mixed shale(Ⅱ₁) is less favorable,while the low TOC and TOC bearing argillaceous siltstone(Ⅲ₂) is the least favorable. Based on the vertical distribution of lithofacies,the middle to upper intervals of the Dong 2 sub-member are identified as the most favorable reservoir development zones in the study area.

Key words: continental shale, lithofacies types, reservoir characteristics, Dongyuemiao Member, eastern Sichuan Basin

中图分类号:

P618.130.21

陈旺, 王兴志, 韦明洋, 曾德铭, 康家豪, 李阳, 刘凯铭, 李钥, 洪海涛, 周红飞. 川东地区侏罗系自流井组东岳庙段陆相页岩岩相类型及储集层特征^*[J]. 古地理学报, 2025, 27(3): 696-713.

CHEN Wang, WANG Xingzhi, WEI Mingyang, ZENG Deming, KANG Jiahao, LI Yang, LIU Kaiming, LI Yue, HONG Haitao, ZHOU Hongfei. Lithofacies types and reservoir characteristics of continental shale in the Dongyuemiao Member of Jurassic Ziliujing Formation, eastern Sichuan Basin[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography（Chinese Edition）, 2025, 27(3): 696-713.

http://www.gdlxb.cn/CN/Y2025/V27/I3/696

图/表 14

图1 四川盆地东岳庙段沉积相及地层柱状图 a—四川盆地构造及东岳庙段沉积相平面图; b—侏罗系自流井组东岳庙段地层柱状图

Fig.1 Sedimentary facies and stratigraphic histograms of the Dongyuemiao Member in Sichuan Basin

表1 川东地区侏罗系东岳庙段岩相类型划分方案(据刘忠宝等,2019;有修改)

Table1 Petrographic type delineation scheme of the Jurassic Dongyuemiao Member in eastern Sichuan Basin (modified from Liu et al.,2019)

矿物组分/%			前缀	岩相类型	岩相区
黏土	石英+长石	碳酸盐	前缀	岩相类型	岩相区
>50	<25	<25	含碳、低碳、中碳、高碳	黏土质页岩(Ⅰ₁)	Ⅰ
	25~50	<25		黏土质页岩(Ⅰ₂)
	<25	25~50		黏土质页岩(Ⅰ₃)
25~50	25~50	25~50		混合质页岩(Ⅱ₁)	Ⅱ
25~50	25~50	<25		粉砂(黏土)质混合质页岩(Ⅱ₂)
25~50	<25	25~50		灰(黏土)质混合质页岩(Ⅱ₃)
<25	25~50	25~50		粉砂(灰)质混合质页岩(Ⅱ₄)
<25		<25		粉砂岩(Ⅲ₁)	Ⅲ
25~50	>50	<25		泥质粉砂岩(Ⅲ₂)
<25		25~50		灰质粉砂岩(Ⅲ₃)
<25	<25			介壳灰岩(Ⅳ₁)	Ⅳ
25~50	<25	>50		泥质介壳灰岩(Ⅳ₂)
<25	25~50			粉砂质介壳灰岩(Ⅳ₃)

图2 川东地区侏罗系东岳庙段页岩组分质量分数三元图(据王宏语等,2018;有修改)

Fig.2 Ternary diagram of mass fraction of mineral components in shale from the Jurassic Dongyuemiao Member in eastern Sichuan Basin(modified from Wang et al.,2018)

图3 川东地区YT1井侏罗系东岳庙段页岩岩相特征 a—高—中碳黏土质页岩(Ⅰ₂),井深2427.48~2427.66 m;b—高—中碳黏土质页岩(Ⅰ₂),井深2443.12 m,×50(-);c—含—中碳混合质页岩(Ⅱ₁),井深2440.04~2440.20 m;d—含—中碳混合质页岩(Ⅱ₁),井深2427.28 m,×50(-);e—中—低碳粉砂(黏土)质混合质页岩(Ⅱ₂),井深2441.93~2442.00 m;f—中—低碳粉砂(黏土)质混合质页岩(Ⅱ₂),井深2443.57 m,×50(-);g—含—低碳泥质粉砂岩(Ⅲ₂),井深2152.85~2153.08 m;h—含—低碳泥质粉砂岩(Ⅲ₂),井深2443.57 m,×50(-)

Fig.3 Petrographic characteristics of shale from the Jurassic Dongyuemiao Member of Well YT1 in eastern Sichuan Basin

图4 川东地区侏罗系东岳庙段页岩各岩相储集层特征 a—各岩相孔隙度分布柱状图; b—各岩相渗透率分布柱状图; c—各岩相孔隙度—渗透率相关散点图

Fig.4 Reservoir characteristics of various lithofacies of shale in the Jurassic Dongyuemiao Member in eastern Sichuan Basin

图5 川东地区侏罗系东岳庙段页岩微孔隙类型及特征 a—黏土矿物晶间孔,FT1井,井深1842.55 m;b—黏土矿物晶间孔,ZX1H井,井深2132.40 m;c—球状黄铁矿集合体,黄铁矿晶体间未被充填或被有机质充填,ZX1H井,井深2134.05 m;d—透镜状黄铁矿集合体,黄铁矿晶体间被黏土矿物充填,ZX1H井,井深2145.68 m;e—粒间孔,ZX1H井,井深2132.40 m;f—粒间孔,ZX1H井,井深2132.40 m;g—长石溶蚀孔,ZX1H井,井深2144.00 m;h—长石溶蚀,被黏土矿物或有机质充填,ZX1H井,井深2132.40 m;i—介壳溶蚀孔,ZX1H井,井深2145.68 m;j—腐殖组有机质,XT1井,井深1942.24 m;k—腐泥组有机质,发育孤立状有机质孔,ZX1H井,井深2142.17 m;l—有机质—黏土复合体,发育蜂窝状有机质孔,ZX1H井,井深2142.17 m

Fig.5 Microporosity types and characteristics of shale in the Jurassic Dongyuemiao Member in eastern Sichuan Basin

图6 川东地区侏罗系东岳庙段页岩微裂缝类型及特征 a—页理缝,ZX1H井,井深2125.14~2125.34 m;b—页理缝,XT1井,井深1964.79 m;c—介壳边缘缝,与页理缝相互转化,FT1井,井深1835.32~1835.45 m;d—介壳边缘缝,FT1井,井深1844.90 m;e—介壳边缘缝,XT1井,井深1961.20 m;f—有机质收缩缝,腐殖组有机质,FT1井,井深1842.55 m,×50(-);g—有机质收缩缝,腐殖组有机质,ZX1H井,井深2142.17 m;h—高角度构造缝,ZX1H井,井深2153.33~2153.58 m;i—微构造缝,与页理缝高角度斜交,ZX1H井,井深2134.05 m;j—微构造缝,ZX1H井,井深2133.16 m; k—溶蚀缝,溶蚀缝边缘见自生高岭石,ZX1H井,井深2126.56 m;l—溶蚀缝,边缘被沥青充填,FT1井,井深1844.90 m

Fig.6 Microfracture types and characteristics of shale in the Jurassic Dongyuemiao Member in eastern Sichuan Basin

图7 川东地区侏罗系东岳庙段页岩各岩相氮气吸附—脱附曲线 a—YT1井,井深2433.40 m,高—中碳黏土质页岩(Ⅰ₂);b—YT1井,井深2443.57 m,含—中碳混合质页岩(Ⅱ₁);c—YT1井,井深2429.81 m,中—低碳粉砂(黏土)质混合质页岩(Ⅱ₂);d—YT1井,井深2447.48 m,含—低碳泥质粉砂岩(Ⅲ₂)

Fig.7 Nitrogen adsorption-desorption curves of shale in the Jurassic Dongyuemiao Member in eastern Sichuan Basin

图8 川东地区侏罗系东岳庙段页岩各岩相孔径分布 a—YT1井,井深2433.40 m,高—中碳黏土质页岩(Ⅰ₂);b—YT1井,井深2443.57 m,含—中碳混合质页岩(Ⅱ₁);c—YT1井,井深2429.81 m,中—低碳粉砂(黏土)质混合质页岩(Ⅱ₂);d—YT1井,井深2447.48 m,含—低碳泥质粉砂岩(Ⅲ₂)

Fig.8 Pore size distributions of shale of the Jurassic Dongyuemiao Member in eastern Sichuan Basin

表3 川东地区侏罗系东岳庙段页岩各岩相氮气吸附法孔隙结构参数

Table 3 Pore structure parameters of shale of the Jurassic Dongyuemiao Member in eastern Sichuan Basin by nitrogen adsorption method in various lithofacies

井号	层位	深度/m	岩相	BET比表面积/m²·g^-1	BJH孔体积/cm³·g^-1	BJH平均孔径/nm
YT1	东岳庙段	2433.40	高—中黏土质页岩(Ⅰ₂)	1.204	0.006	3.271
		2443.57	含—中碳混合质页岩(Ⅱ₁)	1.302	0.005	3.635
		2429.81	中—低碳粉砂(黏土)质混合质页岩(Ⅱ₂)	2.168	0.009	4.044
		2447.48	含—低碳泥质粉砂岩(Ⅲ₂)	4.530	0.011	3.290

图9 川东地区侏罗系东岳庙段页岩各组分与孔隙度相关关系 a—有机质丰度与孔隙度的相关关系; b—黏土矿物含量与孔隙度的相关关系; c—石英含量与孔隙度的相关关系; d—长石含量与孔隙度的相关关系; e—碳酸盐矿物含量与孔隙度的相关关系; f—页岩组分质量分数三元图及分布趋势

Fig.9 Relationships between components of shale and porosity of mud shale from the Jurassic Dongyuemiao Member in eastern Sichuan Basin

图10 川东地区侏罗系东岳庙段各岩相孔隙模式 a—高—中碳黏土质页岩(Ⅰ₂);b—含—中碳混合质页岩(Ⅱ₁);c—中—低碳粉砂(黏土)质混合质页岩(Ⅱ₂);d—含—低碳泥质粉砂岩(Ⅲ₂)

Fig.10 Pore patterns of each lithofacies in the Jurassic Dongyuemiao Member of eastern Sichuan Basin

图11 川东地区YT1井侏罗系东岳庙段各地质参数及岩相柱状图

Fig.11 Geological parameters and lithofacies histogram in the Jurassic Dongyuemiao Member of Well YT1 of eastern Sichuan Basin

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	[Zou C N, Yang Z, Wang H Y, Dong D Z, Liu H L, Shi Z S, Zhang B, Sun S S, Liu D X, Li G Z, Wu S T, Pang Z L, Pan S Q, Yuan Y L. 2019. “Exploring petroleum inside source kitchen”: Jurassic unconventional continental giant shale oil & gas field in Sichuan Basin,China. Acta Geologica Sinica, 93(7): 1551-1562]
[54]	De Boer J H. 1958. The Structure and Properties of Porous Materials. London: Butterworths.
[55]	Sing W S K. 1985. Reporting physisorption data for gas/solid systems with special reference to the determination of surface area and porosity(Recommendations 1984). Pure and Applied Chemistry, 57(4): 603-619.

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川东地区侏罗系自流井组东岳庙段陆相页岩岩相类型及储集层特征^*

Lithofacies types and reservoir characteristics of continental shale in the Dongyuemiao Member of Jurassic Ziliujing Formation, eastern Sichuan Basin

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川东地区侏罗系自流井组东岳庙段陆相页岩岩相类型及储集层特征*

Lithofacies types and reservoir characteristics of continental shale in the Dongyuemiao Member of Jurassic Ziliujing Formation, eastern Sichuan Basin

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川东地区侏罗系自流井组东岳庙段陆相页岩岩相类型及储集层特征^*