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古地理学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (6): 1125-1139. doi: 10.7605/gdlxb.2021.06.072

• 岩相古地理学及沉积学 • 上一篇    下一篇

鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系马家沟组马五5亚段微生物岩盆地尺度分布特征及主控因素

杨梦颖1,2, 谭秀成1,2, 杨鸣一3, 许玉青4, 晏巍5, 苏文杰6, 钟寿康1,2, 熊鹰1,2, 郭木石7   

  1. 1 西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室,四川成都 610500;
    2 中国石油集团碳酸盐岩储层重点实验室西南石油大学研究分室,四川成都 610500;
    3 中国石油长庆油田分公司勘探事业部,陕西西安 710018;
    4 中国石油长庆油田分公司工程监督处,陕西西安 710018;
    5 中国石油长城钻探录井公司,辽宁盘锦 124010;
    6 中国石油长庆油田分公司第三采气厂,陕西西安 710018;
    7 成都理工大学沉积地质研究院,四川成都 610051
  • 收稿日期:2021-08-10 修回日期:2021-08-23 出版日期:2021-12-01 发布日期:2021-12-03
  • 通讯作者: 谭秀成,男,1970年生,博士,教授,主要从事沉积学与储层地质学研究工作。E-mail: tanxiucheng70@163.com。
  • 作者简介:杨梦颖,女,1997年生,西南石油大学研究生,主要从事沉积学研究工作。E-mail: ymying22@163.com。

Basin-scale distribution and dominant controlling factors of microbialites of the Ma55 sub-member of Ordovician Majiagou Formation in Ordos Basin

Yang Meng-Ying1,2, Tan Xiu-Cheng1,2, Yang Ming-Yi3, Xu Yu-Qing4, Yan Wei5, Su Wen-Jie6, Zhong Shou-Kang1,2, Xiong Ying1,2, Guo Mu-Shi7   

  1. 1 State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,China;
    2 Research Branch of Southwest Petroleum University,Key Laboratory of Carbonate Reservoirs,CNPC,Chengdu 610500,China;
    3 Division and Exploration,Changqing Oilfield Co. Ltd.,PetroChina,Xi'an 710018,China;
    4 PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Engineering Superintend Bureau,Xi'an 710018,China;
    5 GWDC Mud Logging Company,CNPC,Liaoning Panjin 124010,China;
    6 No.3 Gas Production Plant of Changqing Oilfield Company,CNPC,Xi'an 710018,China;
    7 Institute of Sedimentary Geology,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610051,China
  • Received:2021-08-10 Revised:2021-08-23 Online:2021-12-01 Published:2021-12-03
  • Contact: Tan Xiu-Cheng,born in 1970,is a professorat in Southwest Petroleum University. He is engaged in researches of sedimentology and reservoir geology. E-mail: tanxiucheng70@163.com.
  • About author:Yang Meng-Ying,born in 1997,is an graduate studentat in Southwest Petroleum University. Her studies focus on sedimentology. E-mail: ymying22@163.com.

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摘要：

基于岩心、薄片和测录井资料分析发现,鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系马家沟组马五5亚段下部发育1套盆地尺度稳定分布的微生物碳酸盐岩组合,其特征为: (1)岩石类型主要由泥质灰(云)岩、泥晶灰(云)岩、凝块灰(云)岩、叠层灰(云)岩、粘结砂屑灰(云)岩及岩溶角砾灰(云)岩等构成,凝块石主要呈层状、瘤状和格架状,叠层石可识别出层纹状、波状和柱状3种类型;(2)垂向上可识别出4种与微生物岩密切相关的、向上变深复变浅的典型沉积序列;(3)高频旋回小层划分与对比分析发现,微生物岩在横向上稳定连片分布,具有盆地尺度的可对比性和等时性;(4)基于岩心刻度测井方法建立测井相模板,依据该模板对全盆地404口井进行逐一识别和解释,发现微生物碳酸盐岩的累计厚度一般在3~7m之间,整体呈向东减薄的变化趋势,连续分布面积超过2.5×105km2,揭示了较短时间内盆地尺度微生物岩规模发育的独特沉积现象。沉积序列分析表明,马五5亚段沉积初期存在单旋回缓慢变深复变浅、多旋回组合振荡式持续缓慢海侵的海平面变化趋势,且相对平静的古构造环境与早期蒸发岩填平补齐作用的耦合提供了相对平坦的古地貌条件,因此在马五5亚段沉积时期总体持续缓慢海侵背景下,环境同质化的底形条件是规模性浅水微生物碳酸盐岩发育的根本原因。系统报道马五5亚段盆地尺度微生物岩的发育与分布特征,既丰富了鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系马家沟组微生物岩的研究,也有助于丰富完善对碳酸盐岩台地微生物岩规模性繁育机制的认识。

关键词: 微生物碳酸盐岩, 规模分布, 主控因素, 马家沟组, 奥陶系, 鄂尔多斯盆地

Abstract:

Based on the analysis of core,thin section and logging data,basin-scale microbial carbonate with stable distribution developed in the lower part of the Ma55 sub-member of the Ordovician Majiagou Formation in Ordos Basin. The rock types include argillaceous limestone,limestone,stromatolite,thrombolite,bound sand-clastic limestone,karst breccias. It contains various shaped stromatolite and thrombolite,such as laminar,wavy and columnar stromatolite,laminar,nodular and arborescent thrombolite. Vertically,four typical sedimentary sequences closely related to microbialites are identified,indicating relative sea-level fluctuations. The division and comparative analysis of the small layers with high-frequency cycles suggest that the microbialites are stably distributed laterally,and have basin-scale distribution. Based on the logging template established by core-log calibration,the lithology of 404 wells in the whole basin were interpreted.The result shows that cumulative thickness of microbialites range from 3 to 7m,and the thickness shows a decreasing trend from west to east.Furthermore,the continuous distribution area of microbialites can exceed 2.5×105km2in area,demonstrating that the basin-scale microbialites developed in a relatively shorter time.Analysis of sedimentary sequence in the early depositional stage of Ma55 sub-member indicates that the relative sea level first slowly rises and then falls in a single cycle,while it shows an oscillating and slowly rising trend in a multi-cycle combination.Further research suggests that the relatively stable paleo-tectonic environment coupled with the filling of early evaporite provides relatively flat paleo-geomorphic conditions.Under the background of continuous slow transgression in the depositional stage of Ma55 sub-member,the bottom shape condition of environmental homogeneity is the fundamental reason for the development of large-scale microbial carbonate in shallow water.This paper reports the development and distribution of basin-scale microbialites in the depositional stage of Ma55 sub-member,which not only enriches the research of microbialites in the Majiagou Formation,but also helps improve the understanding of development mechanism of large-scale microbialites in carbonate platforms.

Key words: microbial carbonates, basin-scale distribution, dominant controlling factor, Majiagou Formation, Ordovician, Ordos Basin

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