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古地理学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (4): 525-534. doi: 10.7605/gdlxb.2016.04.038

• 古地理学及矿产资源 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国陆相盆地油页岩成因类型及矿床特征*

刘招君1, 2, 孙平昌1, 2, 柳蓉1, 2, 孟庆涛1, 2, 胡菲1, 2   

  1. 1 吉林大学地球科学学院,吉林长春 130061;
    2 吉林省油页岩及共生能源矿产重点实验室,吉林长春 130061
  • 收稿日期:2016-05-21 出版日期:2016-08-01 发布日期:2016-08-01
  • 通讯作者: 通讯作者简介　孙平昌,男,1985年生,讲师,主要研究方向为油页岩成矿理论。E-mail: sunpingchang711@126.com。
  • 作者简介:刘招君,男,1951年生,教授,主要研究方向为油页岩成矿理论与资源评价。E-mail: liuzj@jlu.edu.cn。 通讯作者简介 孙平昌,男,1985年生,讲师,主要研究方向为油页岩成矿理论。E-mail: sunpingchang711@126.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(编号:41402088),中国博士后科学基金特别资助项目(编号:2014M550174,2015T80303),吉林省科技发展计划项目(编号:20150520070JH)联合资助; [Co-funded by the Nation Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41402088),China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2014M550174, 2015T80303) and Science and Technology Development Plan of Jilin Province(No.20150520070JH)]

Genetic types and deposit features of oil shale in continental basin in China

Liu Zhaojun1, 2, Sun Pingchang1, 2, Liu Rong1, 2, Meng Qingtao1, 2, Hu Fei1, 2   

  1. 1 College of Earth Sciences,Jilin University,Changchun 130061,Jilin;
    2 Key Laboratory for Oil Shale and Coexisting Minerals of Jilin Province,Jilin University,Changchun 130061,Jilin
  • Received:2016-05-21 Online:2016-08-01 Published:2016-08-01
  • Contact: About the corresponding author　Sun Pingchang,born in 1985,is an instructor in College of Earth Sciences,Jilin University. Now he is engaged in metallogenetic theory of oil shale. E-mail: sunpingchang711@126.com.
  • About author:Liu Zhaojun,born in 1951,is a professor in College of Earth Sciences,Jilin University. Now he is engaged in metallogenetic theory of oil shale and resource evaluation. E-mail: liuzj@jlu.edu.cn.About the corresponding author Sun Pingchang,born in 1985,is an instructor in College of Earth Sciences,Jilin University. Now he is engaged in metallogenetic theory of oil shale. E-mail: sunpingchang711@126.com.

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摘要： 针对油页岩成因类型,国内外学者做过一些有益的探讨,但尚不存在统一的分类方案。鉴于中国油页岩以陆相成因为主,作者从油页岩的沉积环境出发,总结出从深湖-半深湖到湖沼环境,油页岩中湖泊生物来源的有机质所占比例逐渐减少,陆源有机质影响变大,并以此把中国陆相盆地油页岩分为深湖腐泥型油页岩、半深湖腐殖腐泥型油页岩和湖沼腐泥腐殖型油页岩3种成因类型。通过系统梳理中国29个陆相含油页岩盆地矿床特征,发现深湖腐泥型油页岩主要赋存于大中型坳陷盆地,往往具有分布范围广、空间展布稳定、品质和厚度中等的特点;发育在小型断陷盆地中的深湖腐泥型油页岩矿床具有分布范围小、横向差异大、品质良好和厚度巨大的特点。半深湖腐殖腐泥型油页岩在断陷盆地和坳陷盆地都有分布,具有分布范围小、空间上品质和厚度差异明显。湖沼腐泥腐殖型油页岩主要沉积于断陷盆地中,具有分布局限、品质好、厚度薄的特点。

关键词: 陆相盆地, 油页岩, 沉积环境, 有机质来源, 分类, 成因条件

Abstract: Scholars at home and abroad have done some effective discussion on the genetic classification of oil shale,however,there is no uniform classification. Considering that most oil shale in China are continental deposits, starting with the sedimentary environment of oil shale,the conclusion that the content of aquatic organism was decreased in the oil shale while the value of terrestrial organic matter was increased from aphytal to semi￣deep lake to limnetic environments was drawn. Based on the above understanding,continental oil shale could be divided into three genetic types,namely aphytal sapropelic oil shale,semi-deep lake humic-sapropelic oil shale and limnetic sapropelic-humic oil shale. Characteristics of oil shale in 29 continental basins show that the ore of aphytal sapropelic oil shale is always distributed widely in the large to mid￣sized depression basins and characterized by wide stable lateral distribution and medium oil shale grade and thickness. In addition,aphytal sapropelic oil shale ore in small rift basins is characterized by huge thickness,good quality and small distribution scale and great differences in lateral thickness. Semi-deep lake humic-sapropelic oil shale is distributed in both depression and rift basins,with small distribution scale and significant differences in lateral and vertical quality and thickness. Limnetic sapropelic-humic oil shale are mainly deposited in rift basins characterized by limited distribution,small thickness and high quality.

Key words: continental basin, oil shale, sedimentary environment, organic matter resources, classification, genetic conditions

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