摘要： 奥陶系海相碳酸盐岩已成为塔里木盆地最重要的勘探开发层系,岩溶作用则是形成优质碳酸盐岩储集层的关键因素之一。针对塔里木盆地碳酸盐岩岩溶分类方案不统一、岩溶术语界定不清楚、生产应用难度大的现状,作者分析了奥陶系不同地区、不同层位、不同时期岩溶储集层特征及岩溶发育程度的差异性,依据岩溶成因及主控因素提出了塔里木盆地奥陶系碳酸盐岩岩溶分类,划分出风化岩溶、礁滩体岩溶和埋藏岩溶3大类,其中风化岩溶又分为潜山岩溶和层间岩溶2个亚类。研究指出礁滩体岩溶、层间岩溶、潜山岩溶是塔里木盆地的重要勘探岩溶类型,并以构造运动为主线将奥陶系岩溶划分为5期,开展了不同类型岩溶特征及分布规律研究,指出了3种重要类型岩溶的勘探思路。此次研究统一了塔里木盆地奥陶系岩溶分类及期次,对勘探开发生产和研究工作具有较强的指导性,具有重要的理论指导及实践应用意义。

关键词: 奥陶系, 碳酸盐岩, 岩溶分类及期次, 礁滩体岩溶, 层间岩溶, 塔里木盆地

Abstract: The marine carbonate rocks of the Ordovician has become one of the most important exploration and development targets in Tarim Basin, while karstification is one of the key factors to form the high-quality carbonate reservoirs. The carbonate karstic classification scheme is not unified in the Tarim Basin and the karstic terminology is not clearly defined, so the present usage on the production is of great difficulty. The karst reservoir characteristics and distribution varies in different areas,formations and periods,which are analyzed in this paper. Classification on carbonate karst of the Ordovician in Tarim Basin was worked out according to its origin and main controlling factors. The carbonate karst can be classified into 3 types,namely the weathering karst,reef body karst and buried karst. The weathering karst can be divided into 2 sub-types,i.e., the buried-hill karst and the interlayered karst. The reef body karst,interlayered karst and buried-hill karst are the most important exploration targets in Tarim Basin. Moreover,the karst forming-period in the Ordovician can be classified into 5 periods which is based mainly on the tectonic movement. Study on different types of karstic features and distribution is carried out and the exploration thought for the three important karsts is proposed. Summarily, this study unified the karstic classification and periods, which can guide the petroleum exploration and development, as well as further research work. It has crucial theoretical guidance and practical application.

Key words: Ordovician, carbonate rock, karstic classification and period, reef body karst, interlayered karst, Tarim Basin

中图分类号: 

• P588.24＋5