基于陆生植被对河流沉积作用的影响论上三叠统须家河组的冲积构架：以重庆永川普安剖面为例<sup>*</sup>

doi:10.7605/gdlxb.2013.02.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

尽管还存在一些不同的认识和争论，陆生植被对河流沉积作用的影响，得到了越来越多的地质事实的支持，主要表现在以煤或泥炭的形式保存下来的碳质物质对河堤的保护，从而促进了曲流河与网状河的发育。四川盆地上三叠统须家河组为一套含有煤系地层的冲积序列为主的地层，属于具有前陆盆地性质的磨拉石序列，成为研究植被发育条件下河流序列的典型代表。重庆永川普安剖面的须家河组是以河流相沉积为主的须家河组的典型代表，包括6个正式的岩性段，在其中一段、三段和五段为含煤细粒碎屑岩组成的低能河流相地层，二段、四段和六段由砂质底荷载高能河流相沉积构成，岩石地层划分及其所反映出的旋回性成为层序地层的识别和划分的基础，从而将须家河组划分成3个河流相沉积层序。两个主要的特征赋予了普安剖面须家河组河流相层序序列重要意义：（1）总体向上变粗的而且与现行的河流相层序模式形成巨大差异的河流相沉积序列组成的冲积构架；（2）明显受到植被发育影响的高能底荷载河道相砂岩。基于植被发育对河流沉积作用的影响，对普安剖面须家河组的河流相沉积序列的观察与研究，对长期以来须家河组沉积相分析存在的较大争议将提供重要的线索和思考途径。

关键词: 陆生植被, 河流沉积作用, 须家河组, 普安剖面, 四川盆地

Abstract:

Although there are some different recognitions or controversies，more and more geological facts support that terrestrial vegetation had made obvious impact on fluvial sedimentation，which is chiefly expressed through the protection to riverbank resulted from carbonaceous materials that are preserved in the form of coal or peat and this promoted the development of meandering and anastomosing rivers.The Xujiahe Formation of the Upper Triassic in the Sichuan Basin is marked by a set of alluvial succession with coal seams，which makes up a succession of the molasses with the nature of foreland basin and becomes an example to study the fluvial succession controlled by vegetation.The Xujiahe Formation at the Pu′an section in Yongchuan of Chongqing is mainly composed of a fluvial succession，which can be subdivided into 6 members，i.e.， the fine-grained clastic deposits with coal seams belonging to the low-energy fluvial facies constitute the Members 1，3 and 5，and the sandy bottom-load deposits belonging to the high-energy fluvial facies make up the Members 2，4 and 6.The stratigraphic cyclicity reflected by lithostratigraphic divisions becomes the foundation to sequence-stratigraphic discerning and division;thus，the Xujiahe Formation at the Pu′an section can be grouped into three fluvial third-order depositional sequences. The fluvial sequences of the Xujiahe Formation at the Pu′an section have great significance, which is mainly based on the following two main features: （1）a particular alluvial architecture made up a generally upward-coarsing fluvial sequences that are different from the current model of the fluvial sequence;（2)high-energy channel sandstones that are obviously influenced by the development of vegetation.The observation and study on the fluvial depositional sequences of the Xujiahe Formation at the Pu′an section based on the sedimentological impact of the terrestrial vegetation to fluvial sedimentation will provide an important clue and a thinking approach for the further study on analysis of sedimentary facies of the Xujiahe Formation that is one of the more controversial issues in current stratigraphic research.

Key words: terrestrial vegetation, fluvial sedimentation, Xujiahe Formation, Pu′an section, Sichuan Basin

中图分类号:

P534

梅冥相, 刘少峰. 基于陆生植被对河流沉积作用的影响论上三叠统须家河组的冲积构架：以重庆永川普安剖面为例^*[J]. 古地理学报, 2013, 15(2): 143-154.

Mei Mingxiang, Liu Shaofeng. Discussion of alluvial architecture for the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation in terms of sedimentological impact of terrestrial vegetation on fluvial sedimentation: A case study at Pu′an section in Yongchuan of Chongqing[J]. JOURNAL OF PALAEOGEOGRAPHY, 2013, 15(2): 143-154.

http://www.gdlxb.cn/CN/Y2013/V15/I2/143

参考文献

陈发景，汪新文，张光亚，等.1996.中国中、新生代前陆盆地的构造特征和地球动力学［J］.地球科学（中国地质大学学报），21(4):366-372.
陈公信，金经炜.1996.湖北省岩石地层［M］.湖北武汉: 中国地质大学出版社，1-284.
陈留勤，霍荣，段凯波，等.2012.川北前陆盆地上三叠统须家河组陆相层序地层［J］.吉林大学学报(地球科学版)，42(3): 600-611.
董卫平.1997.贵州省岩石地层［M］.湖北武汉:中国地质大学出版社，1-306.
辜学达，刘啸虎.1997.四川省岩石地层［M］.湖北武汉: 中国地质大学出版社，1-417.
贵州省地质矿产局.1987.贵州省区域地质志［M］.北京: 地质出版社，1-698.
姜在兴，田继军，陈桂菊，等.2007.川西前陆盆地上三叠统沉积特征［J］.古地理学报，9(2):143-154.
李勇，苏德辰，董顺利，等.2011.晚三叠世龙门山前陆盆地早期(卡尼期)碳酸盐缓坡和海绵礁的淹没过程与动力机制［J］.岩石学报，27(11):3460-3471.
李勇，曾允孚，伊海生.1995.龙门山前陆盆地沉积及构造演化［M］.四川成都:成都科技大学出版社，1-92.
刘和甫，梁惠社，蔡立国，等.1994.四川盆地西部龙门山造山冲断系构造与前陆盆地演化［J］.地质学报，68(2):101-113.
刘少峰，张国伟.2008.东秦岭—大别山及邻区盆—山系统演化与动力学［J］.地质通报，27(12):1943-1960.
刘焕，彭军，李丽娟，等.2012.川西坳陷中段上三叠统须家河组砂岩特征与物源分析［J］.中国地质，39(5):1271-1279.
刘树根，罗志立，戴苏兰，等.1995.龙门山冲断带的隆升与四川盆地西部前陆盆地的沉降［J］.地质学报，69(3):205-214.
梅冥相.2010a.中上扬子印支运动的地层学效应及晚三叠世沉积盆地格局［J］.地学前缘，17(4):99-111.
梅冥相.2010b.从正常海退与强迫型海退的辨别进行层序界面对比: 层序地层学的进展之一［J］.古地理学报，12(5):549-564.
施振生，谢武仁，马石玉，等.2012.四川盆地上三叠统须家河组四段—六段海侵沉积记录［J］.古地理学报，14(5): 583-595.
四川省地质矿产局.1991.四川省区域地质志［M］.北京: 地质出版社，1-730.
王尚彦，张惠，彭成龙，等.2005.贵州西部古—中生代地层及裂隙槽盆的演化［M］.北京: 地质出版社，1-146.
吴熙纯.2009.四川盆地西部北晚三叠世卡尼期硅质海绵礁—鲕滩组合的沉积相分析［J］.古地理学报，11(2):125-142.
吴因业，张天舒，张志杰，等，2010.沉积体系域类型、特征及石油地质学意义［J］.古地理学报，12(1):69-81.
吴应林，朱洪发，朱忠发，等.1994.中国南方三叠纪岩相古地理与成矿作用［M］.北京: 地质出版社，1-143.
夏邦栋，李培军.1996.中国东部扬子板块同华北板块在中—晚三叠世拼接的沉积学证据［J］.沉积学报，14(1):12-21.
曾允乎，李勇.1995.龙门山前陆盆地的形成和演化［J］.矿物岩石，15(1):40-49.
赵小明，童金南，姚华，等.2010.三峡地区印支运动的沉积响应［J］.古地理学报，12(2):177-185.
赵自强，丁启秀.1996.中南区区域地层［M］.湖北武汉: 中国地质大学出版社，1-197.
郑荣才，翟文亮，朱如凯，等.2008.四川盆地西部类前陆盆地晚三叠世须家河期构造演化及层序充填样式［J］.中国地质，35(2):246-255.
郑荣才，戴朝成，朱如凯，等.2009.四川类前陆盆地须家河组层序—岩相古地理特征［J］.地质论评，55(4):484-495.
朱如凯，白斌，刘柳红，等.2011.陆相层序地层学标准化研究和层序岩相古地理: 以四川盆地上三叠统须家河组为例［J］.地学前缘，18(4):131-143.
Adams M M，Bhattacharya J P.2005.No change in fluvial style across asequence boundary，Cretaceous Blackhawk and Castlegate formations of central Utah，USA［J］.Journal of Sedimentary Research，75: 1038-1051.
Arnott R W C，Zaitlin B A，Potocki D J.2002.Stratigraphic response to sedimentation in a net-accommodation-limited setting，Lower Cretaceous Basal Quartz，southcentral Alberta［J］.Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology，50(1):92-104.
Ashley G M.1990.Classification of large-scale sub-aqueous bedforms: A new look at an old problem［J］.Journal of Sedimentary Petrology，60: 160-172.
Bridge J S.2006.Fluvial facies models: Recent developments［C］.In: Posamentier H W，Walker R G(eds).Facies Models Revisted.SEPM: Society for Sedimentary Geology，85-170.
Capuzzo N，Wetzel A.2004.Facies and basin architectural of the Late Carboniferous Salvan-Dorénaz continental basin(Western Alps，Switzerland/France)［J］. Sedimentology，51: 675-697.
Catuneanu O.2006.Principles of Sequence Stratigraphy［M］.Amsterdam: Elsevier.1-375.
Catuneanu O，Beaumont C，Waschbusch P.1997.Interplay of static loads and subduction dynamics in foreland basins: Reciprocal stratigraphies and the “missing” peripheral bulge［J］.Geology，12: 1087-1090.
Catuneanu O，Abreu V，Bhattacharya J P， et al. 2009.Towards the standardization of sequence stratigraphy［J］.Earth-Science Reviews，92: 1-33.
Collinson J D.1996.Alluvial Sediments［M］.In: Reading H G(ed).Sedimentary Environments and Facies. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing，37-82.
Davies N S，Gibling M R.2010a.Cambrian to Devonian evolution of alluvial systems: The sedimentological impact of the earliest land plants［J］.Earth-Science Reviews，98: 171-200.
Davies N S，Gibling M R.2010b. Paleozoic vegetation and the Siluro-Devonian rise of fluvial lateral accretion sets［J］.Geology，38: 51-54.
Enos P，Wei Jiayong，Lehrmann D J.1998.Death in Guizhou: Late Triassic drowning of the Yangtze carbonate platform［J］.Sedimentary Geology，118(1-4): 55-76.
Fanti F，Catuneanu O.2010.Fluvial sequence stratigraphy: The Wapiti formation，west-central Alberta，Canada［J］.Journal of Sedimentary Research，80: 320-338.
Ghazi S，Mountney N P.2009.Facies and architectural element analysis of a meandering fluvial succession: The Permian Warchha Sandstone，Salt Range，Pakistan［J］.Sedimentary Geology，221: 99-126.
Gibling M R，Tandon S K，Sinha R， et al.2005.Discontinuity-bounded alluvial sequences of the southern Gangetic Plains，India: Aggradation and degradation in response to monsoonal strength［J］.Journal of Sedimentary Research， 75: 369-385.
Gradziński R，Baryla J，Doktor M， et al.2003.Vegetation-controlled modern anastomosing system of the upper Narew River(NE Poland)and its sediments［J］.Sedimentary Geology，157: 253-276.
Hajek E A，Heller P L.2012.Flow-depth scaling in alluvial architecture and nonmarine sequence stratigraphy: Example from the Castlegate sandstone，central Utah，USA［J］.Journal of Sedimentary Research，82: 121-130.
Hamilton D，Tadros N.1994.Utility of coal seams as genetic stratigraphic sequence boundaries in nonmarine basins: An example from the Gunnedah Basin，Australia［J］.American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin，78: 267-286.
Hjellbakk A.1997.Facies and fluvial architecture of a high-energy braided river: The Upper Proterozoic Seglodden Member，Varanger Peninsula，northern Norway［J］.Sedimentary Geology，114: 131-161.
Holz M，Kalkreuth W，Banerjee Ⅰ.2002.Sequence stratigraphy of paralic coal-bearing strata: An overview［J］.International Journal of Coal Geology，48: 147-179.
Jinnah Z A，Roberts E M.2011.Facies associations，paleoenvironment，and base-level changes in the Upper Cretaceous Wahweap Formation，Utah，USA［J］.Journal of Sedimentary Research，81: 266-283.
Leckie D A，Wallace-Dudley K E，Vanbeselaere N A， et al. 2004.Sedimentation in a low-accommodation setting: Nonmarine(Cretaceous)Mannville and marine(Jurassic)Ellis Groups，Manyberries Field，southeastern Alberta［J］.AAPG Bulletin，88: 1391-1418.
Li Zhengxiang，Li Xianhua.2007.Formation of the 1300-km-wide intracontinental orogen and postorogenic magmatic province in Mesozoic South China: A flat-slab subduction model［J］.Geology，35: 179-182.
Mclaurin B T，Steel R J.2007.Architecture and origin of an amalgamated fluvial sheet sand，lower Castlegate Formation，Book Cliffs，Utah［J］.Sedimentary Geology，197: 291-311.
Makaske B.2001.Anastomosing rivers: A review of their classification，origin and sedimentary products［J］.Earth-Science Reviews，53: 149-196.
Martinsen O J，Ryseth A，Helland-Hansen W， et al.1999.Stratigraphic base level and fluvial architecture: Ericson Sandstone(Campanian)，Rock Springs Uplift，SW Wyoming，USA［J］.Sedimentology，46: 235-259.
Miall A D.1996.The Geology of Fluvial Deposits: Sedimentary Facies，Basin Analysis，and Petroleum Geology［M］.New York: Springer-Verlag，1-582.
Olsen T，Steel R，Hgseth K，et al.1995.Sequential architecture in a fluvial succession: Sequence stratigraphy in the Upper Cretaceous Mesaverde Group，Price Canyon，Utah［J］.Journal of Sedimentary Research，65: 265-280.
Plint A，McCarthy P，Faccini U.2001.Nonmarine sequence stratigraphy;updip expression of sequence boundaries and systems tracts in a high-resolution framework，Cenomanian Dunvegan Formation，Alberta foreland basin，Canada［J］.American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin，85: 1967-2001.
Roca X，Nadon G C.2007.Tectonic control on the sequence stratigraphy of nonmarine retroarc foreland basin fills: Insights from the Upper Jurassic of central Utah［J］.Journal of Sedimentary Research，77:239-255.
Shanley K，McCabe P.1994.Perspective on the sequence stratigraphy of continental strata［J］.AAPG Bulletin，78: 544-568.
Strong N，Paola C.2008.Valleys that never were: Time surfaces versus stratigraphic surfaces［J］.Journal of Sediment Research，78: 579-593.
Tal M，Paola C.2007.Dynamic single-thread channels maintained by the interaction of flow and vegetation［J］.Geology，35:347-350.
Wright V P，Marriott，S B.1993.The sequence stratigraphy of f luvial depositional systems: The role of f loodplain sediment storage［J］.Sedimentary Geology，86: 203-210.
Zaitlin B A，Warren M J，Potocki D， et al.2002.Depositional styles in a low accommodation foreland setting: An example from the Basal Quartz(Lower Cretaceous)，southern Alberta［J］.Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology，50(1):31-72.

[1]	尚俊鑫, 冯明友, 夏茂龙, 张本健, 王兴志, 贾松, 李勇, 曾乙洋, 韦明洋. 川北震旦系灯影组软沉积物变形构造及成因分析[J]. 古地理学报, 2025, 27(1): 72-84.
[2]	刘凯铭, 王兴志, 韦明洋, 李阳, 陈旺, 王文之, 李勇, 马奎. 四川盆地蓬莱地区灯影组四段超深层白云岩储集层特征及主控因素^*[J]. 古地理学报, 2025, 27(1): 109-125.
[3]	金惠, 崔俊峰, 杨桂茹, 杨威, 肖佃师, 王志宏, 王民, 武雪琼, 薄冬梅. 川中—川西须家河组三段致密砂岩储集层分类及成因^*[J]. 古地理学报, 2024, 26(6): 1452-1466.
[4]	匡明志, 张小兵, 袁海锋, 陈聪, 张玺华, 彭瀚霖, 徐婷, 肖钦仁, 李天军, 山述娇. 川中地区茅口组碳酸盐岩层序地层及沉积相特征^*[J]. 古地理学报, 2024, 26(5): 1201-1220.
[5]	曾建军, 谭秀成, 赵东方, 何如意, 罗文军, 刘耘, 徐伟, 李绍瑞, 邓禹, 吴昊. 川中高石1井区灯影组二段早成岩期岩溶特征及其对储集层的影响^*[J]. 古地理学报, 2024, 26(5): 1221-1234.
[6]	李滢, 李飞, 鲁子野, 李杨凡, 王曾俊, 李雅兰, 谢慧, 张天舒. 汉南—米仓山地区东部寒武系仙女洞组斑块白云岩特征及形成机制^*[J]. 古地理学报, 2024, 26(5): 1235-1255.
[7]	邓文龙, 叶泰然, 纪友亮, 周勇, 万宏峰, 任钰涛. 川西新场构造带须二段浅水三角洲砂体结构特征及控制因素^*[J]. 古地理学报, 2024, 26(3): 545-566.
[8]	时志强, 彭深远, 赵子腾. 上奥陶统五峰组海底麻坑沉积的首次识别及其地质意义^*[J]. 古地理学报, 2024, 26(2): 255-268.
[9]	田子晗, 索艳慧, 李三忠, 丁雪松, 韩续, 宋双双, 付新建. 长江三峡贯通过程的动态古地貌重建^*[J]. 古地理学报, 2024, 26(1): 208-229.
[10]	陈明思, 张本健, 李智武, 刘树根, 李勇, 宋金民, 王瀚, 蒋航, 王林康, 徐少立, 丁一. 四川盆地及周缘震旦系灯影组岩性—碳同位素地层划分及意义^*[J]. 古地理学报, 2023, 25(6): 1347-1363.
[11]	张美洲, 朱筱敏, 姜振学, 朱德宇, 叶蕾, 谌志远. 陆相淡水湖盆页岩有机质富集主控因素研究: 以四川盆地东北部侏罗系自流井组为例^*[J]. 古地理学报, 2023, 25(4): 806-822.
[12]	徐康, 宫晗凝. 四川盆地雷口坡组岩相古地理特征及有利储集相带^*[J]. 古地理学报, 2023, 25(4): 841-855.
[13]	乔丹, 时志强, 张翔, 李昌昊. 川东南地区下志留统等深流沉积特征^*[J]. 古地理学报, 2023, 25(4): 856-871.
[14]	陈增裕, 刘睿, 谭秀成, 井翠, 聂舟, 衡德, 江定川, 文冉, 陈雷, 唐余锋, 唐奎. 四川盆地南缘长宁地区五峰组—龙马溪组页岩内多源石英对页岩气富集的意义^*[J]. 古地理学报, 2023, 25(4): 920-930.
[15]	刘大卫, 蔡春芳, 扈永杰, 姜磊, 王石, 彭燕燕, 李映涛, 李汉敖. 基于共生金属硫化物硫同位素分馏程度约束热液活动温度:以川中下寒武统龙王庙组为例^*[J]. 古地理学报, 2023, 25(1): 215-225.

选择文件类型/文献管理软件名称

选择包含的内容