古地理学报 ›› 2009, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (6): 641-651. doi: 10.7605/gdlxb.2009.06.004

• 生物古地理学及古生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

华南陡山沱期晚期宏体生物生态系统的出现及其意义*

王约1,2 赵明胜1 杨艳飞2 王训练2   

  1. 1 贵州大学资源与环境学院,贵州贵阳 550003
    2 中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院,北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2009-05-14 修回日期:2009-07-20 出版日期:2009-12-01 发布日期:2009-12-01
  • 作者简介:王约,男,1964年生,1984年毕业于武汉地质学院地层古生物专业。他现为贵州大学资源与环境学院教授,从事古生物学与地层学研究及教学工作。E-mail: gzyuewang@126.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(编号:40739901,40672021)、中石化项目(编号:G0800-06-ZS-319)和贵州省省长基金联合资助

Emergence of marco-organismal ecosystem of the Late Doushantuoian in South China and its significance

Wang Yue1,2, Zhao Mingsheng1, Yang Yanfei2, Wang Xunlian2   

  1. 1 School of Resources and Environments, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550003,Guizhou
    2 School of Earth Sciences and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083
  • Received:2009-05-14 Revised:2009-07-20 Online:2009-12-01 Published:2009-12-01
  • About author:Wang Yue, born in 1964, was graduated from the Geology Department of Wuhan Geological College in 1984. Now he is a professor at School of Resources and Environments of Guizhou University, and is engaged in palaeontology and stratigraphy. E-mail: gzyuewang@126.com.

摘要: 生态系统的演化是生物起源与演化的主要驱动动力之一。在生命演化早期,生态系统的演化大体经历了“微生物席生态系统”、“浮游真核生物生态系统”、“宏体藻类生态系统”、“宏体生物生态系统”和寒武纪及其后较为完善生态系统的演化历程。早期生态系统的演化主要表现为:生物生境从沉积物表层到水体之中再到沉积物内部的扩展,生物种群之间的关系从被动地接受到对环境因子需求的相互竞争,能量传递方式从生物体外摄取或体外同化到体外摄食体内同化,生态金字塔结构由简单到多层次化和复杂化,生物参与对环境的改造能力逐渐增强。随着华南伊迪卡拉纪陡山沱期晚期“宏体生物生态系统”的出现,生物对环境因子需求的竞争性和改造能力大幅度增强,实现了生物体内能量的传递方式,生态金字塔多层次化和复杂化,成为生物迅速演化和其后“寒武纪生命大爆发”的重要转折。

关键词: 生态系统, 能量传递, 环境因子, 生物竞争, 陡山沱期, 华南

Abstract: The evolution of ecosystem is a major force on the origin and evolution of life. In the early evolution of life, the process of ecosystematic evolution was from the Mat-dominated Ecosystem, through the Plankton-eukaryotic Ecosystem and Marcoalgal Ecosystem, to the Macro-organismal Ecosystem, then to a relatively mature ecosystem in the Cambrian. The evolution of the early ecosystem mainly exhibited the developments:(1)what the habitats expanded from the surface layer of deposits to the water column and then to the inner of deposits in habitat;(2)what the relation of different species was from passive accepters to active competitors in life demands for environment factors;(3)what the energy transformation changed from the extra-intussuscepting or extra-assimilating to the endo-assimilating after extra-feeding;(4)the ecological pyramid changed complication and multilevel; and(5)what the organisms gradually enhanced the ability improving environment. In the macro-organismal ecosystem which emerged in the Late Doushantuoian of the Ediacaran in South China, organisms drastically enhanced the competition and reform for environment factors demanded by them, and began to actualize the energy transformation in the inner body of organism. The multilevel and complication of the ecological pyramid show that the macro-organismal ecosystem in the Late Doushantuoian is a key transition in the evolutional speed of life and a prelude of the Cambrian explosion.

Key words: ecosystem, energy transformation, environmental factor, biotic competition, Doushantuoian, South China

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