Abstract: This paper analyzes the Late Cretaceous dinosaur bones according to stratigraphic successions,dinosaur species,articulation and association,diversity,the quantity and quality of preservation and the arrangement of dinosaur fossils from the eastern China by method of taphonomy and sedimentology, and make a comparison between demestic and abroad from the points of occurrence age, and taphonomic facies and characteristics. The studies suggest that: Although the concrete preservation times are different,the species, taphonomic facies and characteristics are similar,which reflecting the similarity of palaeoenvironment, palaeoecology, and palaeoclimate during the Late Cretaceous in a global scale. (1)The burial process of dinosaur bones in China during the Late Cretaceous can be divided into two stages: the early stage of Cenomanian and the late stage of Santonian to Maastrichtian. Foreign burial events appeared during the late Campanian in America and Mongolia,and the Campanian-Maastrichtian transitional period and Maastrichtian in Europe. (2)In China,bones were buried mainly in purple rocks of alluvial fan facies and fluvial facies,and the dinosaur species are mainly Ornithopod hadrosaurs and theropods. Compared with dinosaur mass extinction abroad, they were mainly preserved in lacustrine and flood plain. Hadrosaurs and ceratopsids were flourishing in America and Mongolia, while dinosaurs in Europe and Mongolia are different. The characteristics are different in different successions,which are closely related with palaeogeography,palaeoenvironment and palaeoclimate. (3)By combination of taphonomic and basin evolution characteristics,it concluded that burial types are autochthonous and allochthonous,and the probable burial comprehensive factors are: the change of palaeogeography,volcanism,high temperature etc.,then a taphonomic model were built. It is significant for further study of bone taphonomy and palaeogeography,palaeoenvironment and palaeoclimate,and proposes many new materials and evidence for the research of palaeogeography,palaeoenvironment and palaeoclimate.

Key words: dinosaur bone fossils, taphonomy, Late Cretaceous, comparison between domestic and abroad

摘要： 运用埋藏学与沉积地质学的研究方法与手段,对中国东部晚白垩世具有恐龙化石集群埋藏盆地中恐龙骨骼化石的埋藏地层层序与年代、埋藏骨骼化石特征、骨骼化石埋藏类型及其埋藏成因等进行了分析与总结,并将其产出时代、埋藏相、埋藏特征与国外进行了对比研究。研究认为:中国东部与国外相比,虽然化石产出的具体时期有所差异,但从恐龙种群、埋藏相及沉积地层学等方面均具有相似性,反映了晚白垩世全球古环境、古生态及古气候的相似性。(1)中国晚白垩世恐龙骨骼化石埋藏事件可分为早期与晚期2个阶段:早期的Cenomanian期与晚期的Santonian-Maastrichtian期。而国外晚白垩世恐龙骨骼化石埋藏事件只发生在晚期,在美洲及蒙古国发生在Campanian晚期,在欧洲则为Campanian-Maastrichtian期的过渡时期及Maastrichtian期。(2)中国埋藏骨骼化石种属以鸟脚类鸭嘴龙科与兽脚类恐龙为主,它们埋藏于紫红色地层中,埋藏环境主要为冲积扇与河流环境;美洲以鸭嘴龙科为主,欧洲与蒙古国的种群各地不相同,都埋藏于紫红色岩石地层中,埋藏环境主要为河流—泛滥平原。骨骼在不同沉积相组合地层中埋藏学特征各异,与古地理、古生态及古环境密切相关。(3)结合盆地中的化石埋藏学特征与盆地演化特征,总结了恐龙化石埋藏类型主要有原地埋藏与异地埋藏,盆地古地理格局变动、火山活动、古温度升高及古地震等事件的综合作用是可能的埋藏成因,并提出了恐龙化石的埋藏模式。此研究为揭示中国东部乃至全球晚白垩世的古地理、古气候及古生态环境及恐龙灭绝原因的探讨提供了新的材料与证据。

关键词: 恐龙骨骼化石, 埋藏学, 晚白垩世, 国内外对比

CLC Number: 

• Q911.2