浙西北上奥陶统文昌组和堰口组沉积特征及其意义<sup>*</sup>

doi:10.7605/gdlxb.2012.01.009

古地理学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (1): 101-116. doi: 10.7605/gdlxb.2012.01.009

• 岩相古地理学及沉积学 • 上一篇下一篇

浙西北上奥陶统文昌组和堰口组沉积特征及其意义^*

刘晓^1,2 张元动¹ 周传明¹

1 中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所现代古生物学和地层学国家重点实验室，江苏南京 210008
2 中国石化华东分公司石油勘探开发研究院，江苏南京 210011

收稿日期:2011-08-03 修回日期:2011-08-29 出版日期:2012-02-01 发布日期:2012-02-01
作者简介:刘晓，男，1982年生，硕士，毕业于中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所，沉积学与地层学专业。E-mail:liuxsucf@yahoo.com.cn。
基金资助:
中科院知识创新工程方向性项目（编号：KZCX2-YM-122）和国家自然科学基金项目（编号：40532009）共同资助

Sedimentary characteristics of the Upper Ordovician Wenchang and Yankou Formations in northwestern Zhejiang Province

Liu Xiao^1,2, Zhang Yuandong¹, Zhou Chuanming¹

1 State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy，Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology，
Chinese Academy of Sciences，Nanjing 210008，Jiangsu
2 Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development，East China Company，SINOPEC，Nanjing 210011，Jiangsu

Received:2011-08-03 Revised:2011-08-29 Online:2012-02-01 Published:2012-02-01
About author:Liu Xiao，born in 1982，graduated from Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology，Chinese Academy of Sciences，majors in sedimentology and stratigraphy.E-mail:liuxsucf@yahoo.com.cn.

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 晚奥陶世赫南特期是地史上的一个重要转折时期，在这一短暂的时期内发生了生物大灭绝、全球性冰川和全球性海平面剧降等事件。在南半球冈瓦纳大陆上以北非为中心的大陆冰盖急剧扩增，在国外许多地区和块体上常有冰碛岩和海退序列报道，但中国对该时期地层的沉积学研究还不多。浙西北地区晚奥陶世的文昌组和堰口组为一套海退型沉积，上段发育有华南该时期一套独特的砾岩和含砾砂岩沉积，根据该沉积及上下地层所含的笔石动物群分析，该套砾岩层的层位相当于赫南特阶Normalograptus extraordinarius笔石带，在形成时间上与奥陶纪末的全球冰川事件一致。当前研究表明，这套砾岩代表水下河道沉积，其砾石主要来自东南侧的华夏古陆。文昌组和堰口组砂岩成分统计分析显示，文昌组和堰口组的物源区具有再循环造山带性质，且砂岩的成分成熟度和结构成熟度均较低，与华夏古陆构造隆升紧密相关。文昌组和堰口组的沉积序列可与北非、中东、英国、瑞典、捷克等地的同期序列进行对比，是赫南特期全球性冰川事件在华南的响应证据。

关键词: 砾岩层, 冰川, 文昌组, 堰口组, 赫南特期, 奥陶纪, 浙西北

Abstract: Based on new collections of fossils from the Upper Ordovician Wenchang，Yankou and Anji Formations in northwestern Zhejiang Province，southeastern China，especially those significant graptolites，the Wenchang Formation is considered to be equivalent to the Yankou Formation，and is largely of Hirnantian Age.In Hirnantian Age，the Gondwana ice sheet，centered in the North Africa，reached its maximum，as evidenced by that more and more glacial deposits(tillites or diamictites)of the age have been reported across the world.The Wenchang and Yankou Formations yield well-developed conglomerates，which are unique in South China and might be related with the glaciation event.Regarding the origination of the conglomerates，there have been some debates and viewpoints from different perspectives.Based on sedimentary studies，these conglomerates display different sedimentary characters and mechanisms among localities and sections in the region.They represent several types of channel depositions in shallow water.A detailed regional lithofacies study of the Wenchang and Yankou Formations in northwestern Zhejiang Province indicates that a Zhe-Wan Basin was developed in the Hirnantian Age，with Cathaysian Land located to its southeast and served as the clastic source.The basin becomes deeper northwestwardly，following the palaeogeographic pattern of pre-Hirnantian.Petrological analysis of the sandstones in the Wenchang and Yankou Formations displays a low compositional maturity along with a low textural maturity，and a provenance of recycled orogenic belt，which indicate a probable sustaining uplift of the Cathaysian Land.The regressional sequence recognized in the Wenchang and Yankou Formations in northwestern Zhejiang Province can be well correlated with that of other continents or regions，such as North Africa，Middle East，U.K.，Sweden and Czech etc.

Key words: conglomerate, glaciation, Wenchang Formation, Yankou Formation, Hirnantian Age, Ordovician, northwestern Zhejiang Province

中图分类号:

P534.42

刘晓, 张元动, 周传明. 浙西北上奥陶统文昌组和堰口组沉积特征及其意义^*[J]. 古地理学报, 2012, 14(1): 101-116.

Liu Xiao, Zhang Yuandong, Zhou Chuanming. Sedimentary characteristics of the Upper Ordovician Wenchang and Yankou Formations in northwestern Zhejiang Province[J]. JOURNAL OF PALAEOGEOGRAPHY, 2012, 14(1): 101-116.

http://www.gdlxb.cn/CN/Y2012/V14/I1/101

参考文献

安徽省地质矿产局.1987.安徽省区域地质志［M］.北京：地质出版社，50-66.
蔡进功，李从先.1990.浙西桐庐县桐君山下志留系安吉组风暴沉积［J］.同济大学学报，18（3）:363-372.
陈旭，樊隽轩，Melchin M J，等.2004.华南奥陶纪末笔石灭绝及幸存的进程与机制［C］.见：戎嘉余，方宗杰.生物大灭绝与复苏—来自华南古生代和三叠纪的证据.安徽合肥：中国科技大学出版社，9-54.
陈旭，戎嘉余，樊隽轩，等.2006.奥陶系上统赫南特阶全球层型剖面和点位的建立［J］.地层学杂志，30（4）:289-305.
陈旭，戎嘉余，Rowley D B,等.1995.对华南早古生代板溪洋的质疑［J］.地质论评，41（5）：389-400.
范代读，李从先，蔡进功，等.2003.浙江桐庐晚奥陶世晚期沉积层序和沉积环境分析［J］.沉积学报，21（2）:247-254.
冯洪真，俞剑华，方一亭，等.1993.五峰期上扬子海古盐度分析［J］.地层学杂志，17（3）:179-185.
冯增昭，彭勇民，金振奎，等.2001.中国南方寒武纪和奥陶纪岩相古地理［M］.北京:地质出版社，1-221.
冯增昭，彭勇民，金振奎，等.2004.中国晚奥陶世岩相古地理［J］.古地理学报，6(2):127-139.
何幼斌，高振中，李建明，等.1998.浙江桐庐晚奥陶世内潮汐沉积［J］.沉积学报，16（1）:1-7.
何幼斌，高振中，李建明.1999.浙江桐庐上奥陶统堰口组岩石特征及沉积环境分析［J］.古地理学报，1（3）:65-72.
李积金.1984.皖南晚奥陶世地层及其与国内外的对比—中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所集刊，第20号［M］.北京：科学出版社，113-144.
梁鼎新，陈联儿.1990.浙西和皖南地区显生宙沉积大地构造演化［J］.华东地质学院学报，13（4）:84-92.
罗璋，葛凡凡.1982.浙江省上震旦统、下古生界沉积环境及相分析［J］.浙江石油地质，（1）:12-17.
钱家驹.1987.浙江西部晚奥陶世五峰期沉积及奥陶系—志留系分界［J］.地质学报，（2）:101-112.
戎嘉余，詹仁斌，许红根，等.2010.华夏古陆于奥陶—志留纪之交的扩展证据和机制探索［J］.中国科学（D辑），40(1):1-17.
戎嘉余，陈旭.1987.华南晚奥陶世动物群分异以及生物相、岩相分布模式［J］.古生物学报，26（5）:508-526.
戎嘉余，詹仁斌.1999.华南奥陶—志留纪腕足动物群的更替——兼论奥陶纪末冰川活动的影响［J］.现代地质，13（4）:390-394.
戎嘉余.1984.上扬子区晚奥陶世海退的生态地层与冰川活动的影响［J］.地层学杂志，8（1）:19-30.
盛莘夫.1974.中国奥陶系的划分与对比［M］.北京：地质出版社，58-65.
汪隆武，许红根，齐岩辛，等.2004.浙赣交界地区上奥陶统红家坞组（O₃h）［J］.地层学杂志，28（1）:52-58.
吴浩若.2005.下扬子区加里东期构造古地理问题［J］.古地理学报，7（2）:243-248.
夏邦栋，吕洪波.1988.苏、浙、皖地区沉积—大地构造演化［J］.地质学报，（4）:302-310.
杨达铨.1983.浙江西北部上奥陶统上部的笔石［J］.古生物学报，22（6）:597-605.
余素玉，张平.1986.浙江临安上奥陶统浊流沉积中的黏土矿物［J］.矿物岩石，6（3）:55-64.
俞国华.1996.浙江省岩石地层［M］.湖北武汉：中国地质大学出版社，55-66.
俞月德.1985.浙西皖南地区奥陶纪晚世中晚期古地理环境及其沉积特征初探［J］.浙江石油地质，（1）:31-41.
赵澄林，朱筱敏.2001.沉积岩石学［M］.北京：石油工业出版社，276-290.
浙江省地质矿产局.1989.浙江省区域地质志［M］.北京：地质出版社，62-75.
浙江省区测队.1965.1：20万建德幅区域矿产地质调查报告［M］.浙江杭州：浙江省地质局，28-39.
浙江省区测队.1967.1：20万临安幅区域矿产地质调查报告［M］.浙江杭州：浙江省地质局，29-60.
浙江省区域地层编写组.1979.华东地区区域地层表浙江省分册［M］.北京：地质出版社，33-67.
朱洪发，张渝昌，秦德余，等.1990.论浙皖赣闽地区早古生代盆地沉积特征及其构造环境［J］.石油实验地质，12（2）:121-134.
Armstrong H A，Turner B R，Makhlouf I M， et al. 2005.Origin，sequence stratigraphy and depositional environment of an Upper Ordovician(Hirnantian)deglacial black shale，Jordan［J］.Palaeogeography，Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology，220:273-289.
Bergstrm S M，Saltzman M M，Schmitz B.2006.First record of the Hirnantian(Upper Ordovician)δ¹³C excursion in the North American Midcontinent and its regional implications［J］.Geological Magazine，143(5):657-678.
Berry W B N，Quinby-Hunt M S，Wilde P.1995.Impact of Late Ordovician glaciation-deglaciation on marine life［C］.In：Stanley S M(ed).Studies in Geophysics: Effects of Past Global Change on Life.Washington，D.C.:National Academy Press,34-46.
Brenchley P J，Romano M，Young T P， et al. 1991.Hirnantian glaciomarine diamictites-evidence for the spread of glaciation and its effect on Upper Ordovician faunas［C］.In：Barnes C R，Williams S H(eds).Advances in Ordovician Geology.Geological Survey of Canada Paper，90-9:325-336.
Brenchley P J，torch P.1989.Environmental changes in the Hirnantian(Upper Ordovician)of the Prague Basin，Czechoslovakia［J］.Geological Journal，24:165-181.
Brenchley P J.2004.End Ordovician glaciation［C］.In：Webby W D，Paris F，Droser M L，et al.(eds).The Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event.New York：Columbia University Press,81-83.
Brenchley P J.2006.A Late Ordovician(Hirnantian)karstic surface in submarine channel，recording glacio-eustatic sea-level changes，Meifod，central Wales［J］.Geological Journal，41:1-22.
Chen X，Zhang Y D，Yu G H， et al.2007.Latest Ordovician and earliest Silurian graptolites from the northwest Zhejiang［J］.Acta Palaeontologica Sinica，46（Supplement）：77-82.
Chen X.1984.Influence of the Late Ordovician glaciation on basin configuration of the Yangtze Platform in China［J］.Lethaia，17:5l-59.
Dahlqvist P，Calner M.2004.Late Ordoviciam paleoceanographic changes as reflected in the Hirnantian-early Llandovery succession of Jmtland，Sweden［J］.Palaeogeography，Palaeoclimatology，Palaeoecology，210:149-64.
Delabroye A，Vecoli M.2010.The end-Ordovician glaciation and the Hirnantian Stage: A global review and questions about Late Ordovician event stratigraphy［J］.Earth-Science Review，98:269-282.
Díaz-Martínez E，Grahn Y.2007.Early Silurian glaciation along the western margin of Gondwana(Peru，Bolivia and northern Argentina): Palaeogeographic and geodynamic setting［J］.Palaeogeography，Palaeoclimatology，Palaeoecology，245: 62-81.
Dickinson W R.1985.Interpreting provenance relations from detrital modes of sandstone［C］.In：Zuffa G G(ed).Provenance of Arenites.Dordrecbt：MATO-ASI Series，148:333-361.
Dickinson W R，Suczek C A.1979.Plate tectonics and sandstone composition［J］.AAPG Bulletin，63(12):2164-2182.
Dickinson W R，Valloni R.1983.Provenance of North American Phanerozoic sandstones in relation to tectonic setting［J］.Geology Society America Bulletin，94（2）:222-235.
Finney S C，Berry W B N，Cooper J D， et al. 1999.Late Ordovician mass extinction： A new perspective from stratigraphic sections in central Nevada［J］.Geology，27:215-218.
Ge M Y.1984.The Graptolitc Fauna of the Ordovician-Silurian Boundary section in Yuqian，Zhejiang［C］.In：Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology(ed).Stratigraphy and Palaeontology of Systemic Boundaries in China: Ordovician-Silurian Boundary(1).Ahhui Hefei：Anhui Science and Technology Publishing House.389-454.
Ghienne J F.2003.Late Ordovician sedimentary environments，glacial cycles，and post-glacial transgression in the Taoudeni Basin，West Africa［J］.Palaeogeography，Palaeoclimatology，Palaeoecology，189: 117-145.
Ghienne J F.2011.The late Ordovician glacial record: State of the art［C］.In: Gutiérrez-Marco J C，Rbano I，Gacía-Bellido D(eds).Ordovician of the World(proceeding volume of the 11th Symposium on the Ordovician System).Cuadernos del Museo Geominero，14.Madrid: Instituto Geologicoy Minero de Espana，13-19.
Lüning S，Shahin Y M，Loydell D， et al. 2005.Anatomy of a world-class source rock: Distribution and depositional model of Silurian organic-rich shales in Jordan and implications for hydrocarbon potential［J］.AAPG Bulletin，89: 1397-1427.
Mitchell，C E，torch，P，Holmden， et al. 2011.New stable isotope data and fossils from the Hirnantian Stage in Bohemia and Spain: Implications for correlation and paleoclimate［C］.In: Gutiérrez-Marco J C，Rbano I，Gacía-Bellido D(eds).Ordovician of the World(proceeding volume of the 11th Symposium on the Ordovician System).Cuadernos del Museo Geominero，14.Madrid: Instituto Geologico y Minero de Espana，371-378.
Monod O，Kozlu H，Ghienne J F， et al.2003.Late Ordovician glaciation in southern Turkey［J］.Terra Nova，15: 249-257.
Schnlaub H P，Ferretti A， et al.2011. The Late Ordovician glacial event in the Carnic Alps(Austria)［C］.In: Gutiérrez-Marco J C，Rbano I，Gacía-Bellido D(eds).Ordovician of the World(proceeding volume of the 11th Symposium on the Ordovician System).Cuadernos del Museo Geominero，14.Madrid: Instituto Geologico y Minero de Espana，515-526.
torch P.2006.Facies development，depositional settings and sequence stratigraphy across the Ordovician-Silurian boundary: A new perspective from the Barrandian area of the Czech Republic［J］.Geological Magazine，41: 163-192.
Sutcliffe O E，Dowdeswell J A，Whittington R J， et al. 2000.Calibrating the Late Ordovician glaciation and mass extinction by the eccentricity cycles of Earth s orbit［J］.Geology，28:967-970.
Turner B R，Mahklouf I M，Armstrong H A.2005.Late Ordovician(Ashgillian)glacial deposits in southern Jordan［J］.Sedimentary Geology，181: 73-91.
Zhang T S，Kershaw S，Wan Y， et al. 2000.Geochemical and facies evidence for palaeoenvironmental change during the Late Ordovician Hirnantian glaciation in South Sichuan Province［J］. China Globe Planet Change，24:133-152.
Zhang Y D，Chen X，Yu G H， et al.2007.Ordovician and Silurian System of Northwest Zhejiang and Northeast Jiangxi，SE China［M］.Anhui Hefei：University of Science and Technology of China Press，1-189.

[1]	王建坡, 汪啸风. 中国奥陶纪地理分区的再认识^*[J]. 古地理学报, 2025, 27(1): 16-16.
[2]	祁柯宁, 旷红伟, 柳永清, 彭楠, 王玉冲, 陈骁帅. 扬子西南缘滇中成冰系南沱组沉积特征及其上红层归属讨论^*[J]. 古地理学报, 2024, 26(6): 1305-1324.
[3]	高梦天, 尤丽, 胡高伟, 龚宇, 李彦丽, 陈亚兵, 冯琦, 韩骏威, 刘国麟. 南海北缘陆相断陷盆地优质烃源岩发育机制:以珠江口盆地顺德凹陷始新统文昌组为例^*[J]. 古地理学报, 2024, 26(5): 1108-1126.
[4]	李伟茹, 李志华, 李胜利, 李顺利, 邵家澍. 障壁岛—潟湖沉积特征及模式:以美国普拉姆岛上更新统—全新统为例^*[J]. 古地理学报, 2022, 24(6): 1073-1083.
[5]	郭伟, 徐国强, 陈兆明, 李潇, 向绪洪, 刘冬青. 珠江口盆地白云主洼古近系文昌组沉积充填特征及演化^*[J]. 古地理学报, 2022, 24(1): 112-128.
[6]	李玉帮, 张以明, 杨德相, 高达, 黄芸, 曹兰柱, 田建章, 王帅. 冀中坳陷奥陶纪岩相古地理^*[J]. 古地理学报, 2021, 23(2): 359-374.
[7]	邵东波, 包洪平, 魏柳斌, 蔡郑红, 武春英, 周黎霞, 曹岩刚. 鄂尔多斯地区奥陶纪构造古地理演化与沉积充填特征^*[J]. 古地理学报, 2019, 21(4): 537-556.
[8]	旷红伟, 柳永清, 耿元生, 白华青, 彭楠, 范正秀, 宋换新, 夏晓旭, 王玉冲, 陈骁帅. 中国中新元古代重要沉积地质事件及其意义^*[J]. 古地理学报, 2019, 21(1): 1-30.
[9]	贾浪波, 纪友亮, 钟大康, 严锐涛, 刘君龙, 米立军, 易震, 余加松, 张鹏程. 珠江口盆地L凹陷裂陷期始新统文昌组沉积充填模式^*[J]. 古地理学报, 2017, 19(3): 525-540.
[10]	樊隽轩, 陈清, 孙冬胜, 李双建, 孙宗元, 张琳娜, 杨娇. 利用GBDB数据库与GIS技术绘制高精度古地理图[J]. 古地理学报, 2016, 18(1): 115-125.
[11]	栾晓聪,刘建波,詹仁斌,吴荣昌. 安徽南部下、中奥陶统紫台组碳酸盐岩微相与海平面变化[J]. 古地理学报, 2015, 17(2): 249-264.
[12]	芦艳琳,李双应 ,赵大千, 王冰, 稽在飞. 安徽宿松上石炭统碳酸盐岩台地沉积物定量分析与海平面变化[J]. 古地理学报, 2014, 16(5): 735-746.
[13]	吴根耀, 李曰俊, 刘亚雷, 赵岩. 塔里木西北部乌什—柯坪—巴楚地区古生代沉积—构造演化及成盆动力学背景沉积—构造演化及成盆动力学背景[J]. 古地理学报, 2013, 15(2): 203-218.
[14]	李文厚, 陈强, 李智超, 王若谷, 王妍, 马瑶. 鄂尔多斯地区早古生代岩相古地理^*[J]. 古地理学报, 2012, 14(1): 85-100.
[15]	邹元荣, 金振奎, 由伟丰, 蒋春雷. 黄骅坳陷奥陶纪岩相古地理[J]. 古地理学报, 2001, 3(4): 35-44.

选择文件类型/文献管理软件名称

选择包含的内容

浙西北上奥陶统文昌组和堰口组沉积特征及其意义^*

Sedimentary characteristics of the Upper Ordovician Wenchang and Yankou Formations in northwestern Zhejiang Province

RichHTML

PDF

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

模态框（Modal）标题

选择文件类型/文献管理软件名称

选择包含的内容

浙西北上奥陶统文昌组和堰口组沉积特征及其意义*

Sedimentary characteristics of the Upper Ordovician Wenchang and Yankou Formations in northwestern Zhejiang Province

RichHTML

PDF

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

浙西北上奥陶统文昌组和堰口组沉积特征及其意义^*