摘要： 铵伊利石是伊利石层间域的K⁺被NH⁺₄替代而形成的类质同象。文中运用X射线衍射分析、傅里叶红外光谱分析以及热重—热流—红外光谱同步分析等手段，对山西晋城及阳泉地区的15号煤层夹矸及煤中矿物进行了研究，发现15号煤层夹矸和煤低温灰中黏土矿物以铵伊利石和高岭石为主，铵伊利石含量为21％～74％；X射线衍射图谱上d₍₀₀₁₎=1.026～1.032 nm，以及红外光谱中1428.37～1431.99 cm^-1处的NH⁺₄变形振动吸收峰，是鉴定铵伊利石的重要特征；热重—热流—红外光谱同步分析表明，铵伊利石矿物脱氨气温度在450～700 ℃，且在559 ℃时晶体破坏及氨气释放速度达到最大；在显微镜下明显可见铵伊利石替代高岭石并具高岭石假象，表明铵伊利石是成岩作用过程中，在富NH⁺₄、贫K⁺的环境中由高岭石转化而来。

关键词: 山西省, 石炭系, 太原组, 铵伊利石, X射线衍射峰, 红外特征吸收峰, 脱氨气温度

Abstract: Ammonium-illite is the isomorphism of the illite，in which the K⁺was substituted by the NH⁺₄. The X-ray diffraction，fourier infrared spectrum and TGA-DSC combined with fourier infrared spectrum were used to study the minerals in No.15 coal seam from Jincheng and Yangquan districts of Shanxi Province.It was found that the main clay minerals in the coal partings and the coal ashes under low temperature were ammonium-illite and kaolinite，with 21％～74％ ammnioum-illite. The X-ray diffraction peak of d₍₀₀₁₎=1.026～1.032 nm and the absorption peak of 1428.37～1431.99 cm^-1 in infrared spectrum，are two important characteristics to distinguish the ammonium-illite from other clay minerals.The results of TGA-DSC combined with fourier infrared spectrum indicated that the deammonification temperature was between 450 ℃ and 700 ℃，and the crystal destruction and ammonium-releasing reach maximum at the temperature of 559 ℃.It was found that the ammonium had kaolinite illusion，indicating that the ammonium-illite was transformed from kaolinite under the NH⁺₄-rich and K⁺-poor environment in diagenesis.

Key words: Shanxi Province, Carboniferous, Taiyuan Formation, ammonium-illite, X-ray diffraction peak, infrared absorption peak, deammonification temperature

中图分类号: 

• P578