摘要：

小清河流域为西起济南，东至渤海湾，南缘泰鲁沂山地北麓，北界黄河之间的区域。在史前及历史时期，小清河流域湖泊广布，在地层沉积记录和古文献记载中均得以证明。这些湖泊形成于早全新世，在中全新世达到鼎盛，晚全新世以来湖泊逐渐衰退与消亡，如原来存在的鹊山湖、浒山湖、清水泊等湖泊，这在古文献中也多有记载，现已在平原上消失。本文着重对麻大湖、锦秋湖、白云湖等的历史演变进行了探讨。通过查阅历史文献、地层剖面分析、地名考证等多种途径和方法对小清河流域的湖泊消失的原因进行了研究和分析。认为在气候变干的大背景下，湖泊消失的原因主要有两个：一是黄河泛滥所造成的小清河流域的泥沙淤积；二是疏浚河道、围湖造田、过渡利用水资源等人类活动的影响。研究本区湖泊的形成与消亡，对恢复古环境、探讨其演变过程有着重要的意义。

Abstract:

The Xiaoqinghe River drainage is a wide area which extends from Jinan City in the west,to the Bohai Bay in the east,from the foot of TaiLuYi Mountains in the south and to the Yellow River in the northLakes were distributed widely in Xiaoqinghe River drainage during the prehistoric and historical periods which can be shown by the strata records and ancient documentsThese lakes were formed in the Early Holocene and reached peak in the Middle HoloceneSince the Late Holocene,the lakes gradually shrank until finally disappeared such as the Queshan Lake，the Hushan Lake and the Qingshui Lake，etcThe paper analyzes the reasons why these lakes disappeared in Xiaoqinghe River drainage by historical documents,analysis of stratigraphic profiles and research of place namesIt proposes that under the drying climate background,the lakes disappeared mainly because that:firstly clay and sand silted up by the Yellow River flooding;secondly human activities generated great effectsResearches on the formation and disappearence of the lakes in the study area are important for reconstructing the ancient environments and discussing their evolution process