Impacts of tectono-sedimentary evolution differences on petroleum accumulation conditions and patterns between two types of depressions in the Pearl River Mouth Basin

doi:10.7605/gdlxb.2026.094

Journal of Palaeogeography（Chinese Edition） ›› 2026, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (4): 1550-1563. doi: 10.7605/gdlxb.2026.094

• OIL AND GAS GEOLOGY • Previous Articles Next Articles

Impacts of tectono-sedimentary evolution differences on petroleum accumulation conditions and patterns between two types of depressions in the Pearl River Mouth Basin

YANG Jun¹(), KONG Lingwen¹, LI Shengli²(), ZHU Maolin¹, YAO Wei¹, ZHU Zengmin², BAO Jing², LIANG Shiyou¹

¹ Wuxi Research Institute of Petroleum Geology, SINOPEC, Jiangsu Wuxi 214126, China
² School of Energy Resources, China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China

Received:2026-01-14 Revised:2026-02-27 Online:2026-08-01 Published:2026-08-14
Contact: LI Shengli,born in 1971,is a professor and director of Ph.D.. He is engaged in hydrocarbon reservoir geology. E-mail: slli@cugb.edu.cn.
About author:
YANG Jun,born in 1982,is a master and senior engineer. He is engaged in comprehensive evaluation research of petroleum geology. E-mail: yangjun2010.syky@sinopec.com.
Supported by:
Sinopec Science and Technology Department Project “Oil and Gas Accumulation Conditions and Exploration Direction in Key Basins in the Northern South China Sea”(P24180); National Science and Technology Key Project of China(2025ZD1400800)

珠江口盆地两类凹陷构造-沉积演化差异对油气富集条件与规律的影响^*

杨俊¹(), 孔令文¹, 李胜利²(), 朱茂林¹, 姚威¹, 朱增民², 包静², 梁世友¹

¹ 中国石化石油勘探开发研究院, 无锡石油地质研究所, 江苏无锡 214126
² 中国地质大学(北京)能源学院, 北京 100083

通讯作者: 李胜利,男,1971年生,教授,博士生导师,从事油气储层地质研究。E-mail: slli@cugb.edu.cn。
作者简介:
杨俊,男,1982年生,硕士,高级工程师,从事油气地质综合评价研究。E-mail: yangjun2010.syky@sinopec.com。
基金资助:
*中国石化科技部项目“南海北部重点盆地油气成藏条件与勘探方向”(P24180); 国家科技重大专项(2025ZD1400800)

Abstract

Abstract:

The Pearl River Mouth Basin,a typical Cenozoic continental margin rift basin,derives its major hydrocarbon resources from the lacustrine source rocks of the Wenchang Formation in the Eocene. Divided by the central uplift,faulted and detached depressions have developed respectively in the northern and southern parts of the basin. There are significant differences in hydrocarbon distribution,and the causes of these differences remain unclear. In this study,technical methods including structural evolution analysis,sedimentary system reconstruction,and source-fault-sandbody association analysis were employed. It reveals the basin’s structural evolution law of “faulting first then detaching,faulting in the north and detachment in the south” and the sedimentary evolution characteristics of “terrestrial environment in the early stage and marine environment in the late stage,deltas in the north and fan deposites(fan delta,sublacustrine fan or submarine fans)in the south”. The different tectonic sedimentary evolution processes of the two types of depressions formed source-fault-sandbody associations,resulting in different petroleum accumulation patterns and enrichment laws. Differential source-fault-sandbody associations and petroleum accumulation patterns were established separately. Characterized by high quality lacustrine source rocks,steep faults and sandbodies near sediment provenance,faulted depressions were apt to generate oil-rich accumulation pattern. But for detached depressions featured by high quality lacustrine source rocks,fault block tilting adjusted faults and sandbodies far away from sediment provenance,gas-rich accumulation pattern with locally oil-rich was predominating. The study points out that hydrocarbons in faulted sags are enriched in the steep slope zone,uplifts in the depression-center and inner gentle slope zone,while those in detachment depressions are enriched in the gentle slope zone. This provides constructive suggestions for petroleum exploration.

Key words: faulted depressions, detached depressions, tectono-sedimentary evolution, source-fault- sandbody association, petroleum accumulation forming pattern, Cenozoic, Pearl River Mouth Basin

摘要：

珠江口盆地为典型新生代陆缘裂谷盆地,其油气资源主要来源于始新统文昌组湖相烃源岩。以中央隆起为界,该盆地南北2大区域分别发育断陷型凹陷与拆离型凹陷。这2类凹陷中的油气分布存在显著差异,但差异原因尚不明确。采用构造演化解析、沉积体系重建及源-断-砂配置分析等方法,揭示了盆地“先断后拆、北断南拆”的构造演化规律与“早陆晚海、北洲南扇”的沉积分布特征。2类凹陷的构造-沉积演化过程不同形成了不同的源-断-砂配置,致使它们具有迥异的油气成藏模式与富集规律。断陷型凹陷常具有“湖相优质烃源—高陡断层—近物源砂体”配置,以富油成藏模式为主; 而拆离型凹陷多形成“湖相优质烃源—断块掀斜调整断层—远物源砂体”配置,以富气成藏模式为主,也可局部富油。断陷型凹陷油气多富集于陡坡带—凹中隆—缓坡内带,而拆离型凹陷更易富集于缓坡带,这为后续勘探部署提供了方向。

关键词: 断陷型凹陷, 拆离型凹陷, 构造-沉积演化, 源-断-砂配置, 成藏模式, 新生代, 珠江口盆地

CLC Number:

P542

YANG Jun, KONG Lingwen, LI Shengli, ZHU Maolin, YAO Wei, ZHU Zengmin, BAO Jing, LIANG Shiyou. Impacts of tectono-sedimentary evolution differences on petroleum accumulation conditions and patterns between two types of depressions in the Pearl River Mouth Basin[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography（Chinese Edition）, 2026, 28(4): 1550-1563.

杨俊, 孔令文, 李胜利, 朱茂林, 姚威, 朱增民, 包静, 梁世友. 珠江口盆地两类凹陷构造-沉积演化差异对油气富集条件与规律的影响^*[J]. 古地理学报, 2026, 28(4): 1550-1563.

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Figures/Tables 10

Fig.1 Distribution map of tectonic units and the two types of depression

Fig.2 Stratigraphic column with tectonic sedimentary evolution stages of the Pearl River Mouth Basin(modified from Zhu et al., 2019; Gao et al., 2023b; Wu et al., 2024)

Fig.3 Tectonic evolution profiles of the Pearl River Mouth Basin

Fig.4 Seismic geological sedimentological framework profile of the Pearl River Mouth Basin

Fig.5 Tectono-sedimentary evolution patterns of Huizhou sag

Fig.6 Tectono-sedimentary evolution patterns of Wenchang A sag

Fig.7 Tectono-sedimentary evolution patterns of Kaiping sag

Fig.8 Sedimentary facies of the Upper Oligocene(Zhuhai Formation)in Pearl River Mouth Basin (modified from Zhu et al., 2019)

Fig.9 Hydrocarbon cross section indicates differences of the petroleum accumulation pattern between Huizhou sag and Baiyun sag

Fig.10 Hydrocarbon cross section indicates differences of the petroleum accumulation pattern between Wenchang A sag and Kaiping sag

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