Stratigraphic and sedimentary characteristics of the Permian Changxing Formation in Mianyang-Guang'an Trough,Sichuan Basin

doi:10.7605/gdlxb.2026.047

Journal of Palaeogeography（Chinese Edition） ›› 2026, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (3): 1071-1086. doi: 10.7605/gdlxb.2026.047

• LITHOFACIES PALAEOGEOGRAPHY AND SEDIMENTOLOGY • Previous Articles Next Articles

Stratigraphic and sedimentary characteristics of the Permian Changxing Formation in Mianyang-Guang'an Trough,Sichuan Basin

SUN Haofei¹(), MA Xinliang²^,³^,⁴, WEN Long¹, LIANG Ting²^,³^,⁴(), ZHANG Wenjie¹, LI Pingping²^,³^,⁴, MING Ying¹, JIANG Fujie²^,³, XU Liang¹

¹ Research Institute of Exploration and Development, Southwest Oil & Gasfield Company,PetroChina, Chengdu 610051, China
² State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering, China University of Petroleum(Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
³ College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum(Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
⁴ Carbonate Research Center, China University of Petroleum(Beijing), Beijing 102249, China

Received:2025-06-06 Revised:2025-07-28 Online:2026-06-01 Published:2026-06-05
Contact: LIANG Ting,born in 1983,Ph.D.,associate professor,is engaged in carbonate sedimentology and sedimentary geochemistry. E-mail: tliang@cup.edu.cn.
About author:
SUN Haofei,born in 1989,MSc.,engineer,is engaged in petroleum and natural gas geological research and exploration deployment. E-mail: sunhaofei@petroChina.com.cn.
Supported by:
Young Scientists of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41602108); PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gasfield Company Project(JS2023-096)

四川盆地绵阳—广安台洼二叠系长兴组含礁地层对比与沉积相特征^*

孙豪飞¹(), 马昕亮²^,³^,⁴, 文龙¹, 梁婷²^,³^,⁴(), 张文杰¹, 李平平²^,³^,⁴, 明盈¹, 姜福杰²^,³, 徐亮¹

¹ 中国石油西南油气田分公司勘探开发研究院, 四川成都 610051
² 油气资源与工程全国重点实验室, 中国石油大学(北京), 北京 102249
³ 中国石油大学(北京)地球科学学院, 北京 102249
⁴ 中国石油大学(北京)碳酸盐岩研究中心, 北京 102249

通讯作者: 梁婷,女,1983年生,博士,副教授,研究方向为碳酸盐岩沉积学与沉积地球化学。E-mail: tliang@cup.edu.cn。
作者简介:
孙豪飞,男,1989年生,硕士,工程师,主要从事油气地质研究与勘探部署工作。E-mail: sunhaofei@petroChina.com.cn。
基金资助:
*国家自然科学基金青年项目(41602108); 中国石油西南油气田分公司科技专项(JS2023-096)

Abstract

Abstract:

Mianyang-Guang'an Trough in Sichuan Basin is an intra-platform depression developed within the Upper Yangtze Platform during the Late Permian to Early Triassic. This trough,with a water depth between fair-weather wave base and maximum storm wave base,transitions northward into slope facies. In Mianyang-Guang'an Trough,the Changxing Formation,deposited during the Late Permian,is characterized by numerous patch reefs/shoals with minimal dolomitization. By integrating petrographic analysis with Integrated Nonstationary Process Empirical Function Analysis(INPEFA),the Changxing Formation can be subdivided,in an ascending order,into the 1^st Member(SQ1-HST and SQ2-TST),lower part in the 2^nd Member(SQ2-HST),middle part in the 2^nd Member(SQ3),and upper part in the 2^nd Member(SQ4). The 1^st Member is mainly composed of micritic limestones intercalated with shales and mudstones,which constructed a ramp. The 2^nd Member,in contrast,is characterized by grainstones and framestones,which formed a rimmed platform. Mianyang-Guang'an Trough,which developed during the deposition of the 2^nd Member,comprises four subfacies,including shoals,reefs,inter-shoal zones and off-reef seafloor deposits. The shoals,which are commonly associated with HST in SQ2,SQ3 and SQ4,are mainly formed by skeletal grainstones,and characterized by low GR(29.3~34.6 API)and relatively low CNL values(13.3%~18.0%). The reefs,developed in the SQ4-TST,are formed of framestones and/or dolomitic framestones,and characterized by relatively low GR(34.0~37.3 API),and relatively high CNL values(19.0%~22.0%). The inter-shoal zones,developed in both HST and TST,consist of wackestones and packstones that are characterized by low CNL(9.9%~11.3%),low RT(33.1~37.3 Ω·m), low DEN(2.55~2.57 g/cm³),and low GR values(26.0~29.5 API). The off-reef seafloor deposits,which consist of intercalated micritic limestones,siltstones and mudstones,are commonly associated with the SQ2-HST,and characterized by serrated log curves. In terms of petrographic and stratigraphic characteristics,reefs and shoals developed in Mianyang-Guang'an Trough are comparable to those in the platform-interior facies,but distinct from those in the platform margins. The stratigraphic and sedimentary characteristics of the Changxing Formation in Mianyang-Guang'an Trough can provide a novel geological model for deciphering trough facies on the carbonate platforms,but also offer theoretical support for exploration in this region.

Key words: Mianyang-Guang'an Trough, patch reef, Changxing Formation, Upper Permian, Sichuan Basin

摘要：

四川盆地绵阳—广安台洼是发育在晚二叠世—早三叠世上扬子碳酸盐岩台地内的洼地。其水深介于正常浪基面与最大风暴浪基面之间,北侧与深水区的斜坡相过渡。台洼内上二叠统长兴组为一套云化程度极低的含礁地层。利用岩性特征结合频谱趋势属性分析技术(INPEFA),长兴组自下而上分为长一段(SQ1-HST和SQ2-TST)、长二下亚段(SQ2-HST)、长二中亚段(SQ3)和长二上亚段(SQ4)。长一段由泥晶灰岩和泥页岩组成,形成缓坡型台地。长二段以生屑颗粒灰岩和骨架灰岩的大量出现为特征,形成镶边型台地。绵阳—广安台洼发育在长二段沉积期,可分为台洼滩、台洼礁、台洼滩间及台洼海4个亚相。台洼滩发育在SQ2-SQ4的HST,为生屑颗粒灰岩,呈低GR(29.3~34.6 API)和较低CNL(13.3%~18.0%)。台洼礁发育在SQ4-TST,为(云质)海绵骨架灰岩,呈较低GR(34.0~37.3 API)和较高CNL(19.0%~22.0%)。台洼滩间在长二段各体系域均可发育,以生屑粒泥灰岩和生屑泥粒灰岩为主,具低CNL(9.9%~11.3%)-低RT(33.1~37.3 Ω·m)-低DEN(2.55~2.57 g/cm³)-低GR(26.0~29.5 API)。台洼海发育于SQ2-HST,为泥晶灰岩、粉砂岩和泥岩的互层,测井曲线齿化严重。在岩石学特征和发育层位上,台洼与台内的礁/滩亚相具有可对比性,但与台缘带显著不同。研究结果不仅可以弥补台洼相的研究空白,也可以为绵阳—广安台洼地区勘探部署提供理论支撑。

关键词: 绵阳—广安台洼, 点礁, 长兴组, 上二叠统, 四川盆地

CLC Number:

P588.245

SUN Haofei, MA Xinliang, WEN Long, LIANG Ting, ZHANG Wenjie, LI Pingping, MING Ying, JIANG Fujie, XU Liang. Stratigraphic and sedimentary characteristics of the Permian Changxing Formation in Mianyang-Guang'an Trough,Sichuan Basin[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography（Chinese Edition）, 2026, 28(3): 1071-1086.

孙豪飞, 马昕亮, 文龙, 梁婷, 张文杰, 李平平, 明盈, 姜福杰, 徐亮. 四川盆地绵阳—广安台洼二叠系长兴组含礁地层对比与沉积相特征^*[J]. 古地理学报, 2026, 28(3): 1071-1086.

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Figures/Tables 10

Fig.1 Location and the Later Permian Changhsingian sedimentary facies of Mianyang-Guang'an Trough,Sichuan Basin

Table 1 Stratigraphic divisions of the Changxing Formation in Sichuan Basin

观点	分段	界面识别依据		代表性地区与论文
观点	分段	岩石学特征	测井特征	代表性地区与论文
二分法	上段	出现大量海绵骨架灰岩和生屑颗粒灰岩	自然伽马(GR)曲线由箱状低值向齿状中高值转换	普光元坝地区(郭彤楼,2011); 建南地区(胡忠贵等,2014); 川中地区(刘树根等,2016); 磨溪地区(王东等,2023); 仪陇地区(章学刚等,2022)
二分法	下段	泥晶灰岩为主	自然伽马(GR)曲线先升高后下降识别出层序界面
三分法	长三段	泥晶灰岩和泥质灰岩	自然伽马(GR)曲线表现为低—中值的特征	武胜地区(蒋裕强等,2019); 龙岗(唐雨等,2021); 开江梁平海槽(陈鑫等,2022); 黄龙地区(左洺滔等,2022); 开江梁平海槽东侧(蔡强等,2024); 普光—七里北—黄龙场地区 (姚鑫阳等,2024)
	长二段	生屑颗粒灰岩与骨架灰岩/云岩	自然伽马(GR)曲线表现为低值—极低值
	长一段	泥晶灰岩为主	低—中伽马(GR)及中—高电阻率(RT)为主

Fig.2 Comprehensive stratigraphic columns of the Changxing Formation in Well Pengshen 10 from Mianyang-Guang'an Trough,Sichuan Basin

Fig.3 Stratigraphic correlation among various wells throughout the Sichuan Basin

Fig.4 Comprehensive identification plate of lithology of the Changxing Formation,Sichuan Basin

Fig.5 Cores of the Chanxing Formation reefs in Mianyang-Guang'an Trough(Well Pengshen 10)and in the Zitong-Guang'an Open Shelf(Well Pengshen 2),Sichuan Basin

Fig.6 Petrographic analysis of the Changxing Formation reefs in Mianyang-Guang'an Trough(Well Pengshen 10) and in Zitong-Guang'an Open Shelf(Well Pengshen 2),Sichuan Basin

Fig.7 Sedimentary correlation of the Changxing Formation in Mianyang-Guang'an Trough,Sichuan Basin(location is shown in Fig.1-c)

Fig.8 Sedimentary facies distribution of the Changxing Formation in Mianyang-Guang'an Trough,Sichuan Basin

Fig.9 Sedimentary facies model of the Member 2 of Changxing Formation of Upper Permian in Mianyang-Guang'an Trough and its peripheral areas,Sichuan Basin

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