Research on trench deposition characteristics of Sanxingdui platform in Guanghan,Sichuan Province
YANG Qi1, XIANG Fang2, RAN Honglin3, GUO Yuming1, LIU Jiancheng3, XIE Zhenbin3
1 College of Earth Sciences,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China; 2 Institute of Sedimentary Geology,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China; 3 Sichuan Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology,Chengdu 610041,China
Abstract：In 2020,the Sichuan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology carried out archaeological exploration in the surrounding area of the burial pits. On the southern side of the Sanxingdui platform,there are trenches built on the second terrace. Paleocurrent flows from the northwest to the southeast to connect the Mamu River meandering section. The main age of trench sediments is speculated to be the third and fourth stages of the Sanxingdui culture. Through thin-section identification,scanning electron microscopy observation,and particle size analysis of the trench profile samples,it was found that the main part of the trench was composed of near-source fluvial sediments,and only pottery pieces and other relics were enriched in individual strata. The trench was dominated by natural deposition,and no large-scale anthropogenic dumping activities were found. There is no significant difference in the composition of rock debris and other components in the raw soil and trench sediments of different stages,indicating that the Jianjiang River originating in the Longmenshan tectonic belt and its tributary Mamu River have not undergone significant diversion since the late Pleistocene. The trenches experienced at least three ‘trenching-filling' processes. In the first stage,the sediments are mainly clay and silt,with weak hydrodynamic force,a stable sedimentary environment,and frequent activities of the ancients. The sediments in the second stage are mainly medium to coarse-grained sand with strong hydrodynamic force and there may be frequent floods at this time. It can be seen that the ditch banks are cut and a large area of sandy sediment is distributed across the banks. In the third stage,the hydrodynamic fluctuation of sediments was obvious and gradually stabilized in the later stage. The ancients returned to the trench area. There are traces of multi-stage man-made construction in the form of trenches,reflecting the ancients' ability to cope with climate change and natural effects.
YANG Qi,XIANG Fang,RAN Honglin et al. Research on trench deposition characteristics of Sanxingdui platform in Guanghan,Sichuan Province[J]. JOPC, 2023, 25(3): 715-728.
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